A Model of Lexical Access of Ambiguous Words

Cottrell, Garrison W.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-051013-2.50011-2

Cited by 26 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…So, although participants in the semantic relatedness pretest apparently were not consciously aware of the existence of secondary, infrequent transparent senses, some particle verbs turned out to be semantically ambiguous. 4 This is reminiscent of other semantically ambiguous words, such as bank (Cottrell, 1988;Kawamoto, 1988;Seidenberg, Tanenhaus, Leiman, & Bienkowski, 1982;Simpson, 1994;Swinney, 1979;Tabossi, 1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Priming morphologically complex verbs by sentence contexts: Effects of semantic transparency and ambiguity

Zwitserlood

Bolwiender

Drews

2005

Language and Cognitive Processes

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Priming morphologically complex verbs by sentence contexts: Effects of semantic transparency and ambiguity

Zwitserlood

Bolwiender

Drews

2005

Language and Cognitive Processes

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“…Whereas noun-noun ambiguities only differ at the level of lexical-semantic representations, noun-verb ambiguities have an additional difference in their syntactic features. The presupposed locus of this difference is either at the level of form representations (Seidenberg et al, 1982) or at a separate level of representation specifying the grammatical form class associated with each meaning (Cottrell, 1988). Whatever the ultimate representational locus of the additional form class difference turns out to be, it might have provided the context with an extra source of information to effectuate the suppression of the contextually inappropriate reading.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impairments of Lexical-Semantic Processing in Aphasia: Evidence from the Processing of Lexical Ambiguities

1993

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Broca's and Wernicke's aphasics performed speeded lexical decisions on the third member of auditorily presented triplets consisting of two word primes followed by either a word or a nonword. In three of the four priming conditions, the second prime was a homonym with two unrelated meanings. The relation of the first prime and the target with the two meanings of the homonym was manipulated in the different priming conditions. The two readings of the ambiguous words either shared their grammatical form class (noun-noun ambiguities) or not (noun-verb ambiguities). The silent intervals between the members of the triplets were varied between 100, 500, and 1250 msec. Priming at the shortest interval is mainly attributed to automatic lexical processing, and priming at the longest interval is mainly due to forms of controlled lexical processing. For both Broca's and Wernicke's aphasics overall priming effects were obtained at ISIs of 100 and 500 msec, but not at an ISI of 1250 msec. This pattern of results is consistent with the view that both types of aphasics can automatically access the semantic lexicon, but might be impaired in integrating lexical-semantic information into the context. Broca's aphasics showed a specific impairment in selecting the contextually appropriate reading of noun-verb ambiguities, which is suggested to result from a failure either in the on-line morphological parsing of complex word forms into a stem and an inflection or in the on-line exploitation of the syntactic implications of the inflectional suffix. In a final experiment patients were asked to explicitly judge the semantic relations between a subset of the primes that were used in the lexical decision study. Wernicke's aphasics performed worse than both Broca's aphasics and normal controls, indicating a specific impairment for these patients in consciously operating on automatically accessed lexical-semantic information. ® 1993 Academic Press. Inc. This research was supported by a stipend from the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Wissenschaften. I thank Colin Brown, Pienie Zwitserlood, and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on an earlier version of this article. Address reprint requests to Peter Hagoort,

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“…The basic idea is that ambiguous morphological forms are accessed in the same manner as other lexical ambiguities with parallel access of competing morphological forms (Seidenberg, Tanenhaus, Leiman, & Bienkowski, 1982;Swinney, 1979;Tanenhaus, Leiman, & Seidenberg, 1979). In addition, each verb-form makes available its associated thematic structures (Cottrell, 1988;McClelland & Kawamoto, 1986), as well as information about how the thematic roles are to be assigned to syntactic complements. Thematic role assignment then can provide disambiguating information.…”

Section: Unambiguous Verbmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of thematic structures in interpretation and parsing

Tanenhaus

Carlson

Trueswell

1989

Language and Cognitive Processes

108

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This paper explores how thematic role information associated with verbs is used in language processing. We suggest that thematic roles are useful for co-ordinating different types of information in language processing because they represent aspects of conceptualhemantic representation that map directly on to syntactic form. We review some recent studies investigating the use of thematic information in syntactic ambiguity resolution and present some new evidence that thematic information can be used to eliminate completely the garden path typically associated with reduced-relative clauses. We then review some of our recent work investigating lexical structure in the processing of sentences with long-distance dependencies, and conclude that thematic structure guides the initial interpretation of these sentences. We conclude with a discussion about how thematic information might enable the processing system to make early semantic commitments that take into account relevant aspects of discourse context.

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A Model of Lexical Access of Ambiguous Words

Cited by 26 publications

References 19 publications

Priming morphologically complex verbs by sentence contexts: Effects of semantic transparency and ambiguity

Priming morphologically complex verbs by sentence contexts: Effects of semantic transparency and ambiguity

Impairments of Lexical-Semantic Processing in Aphasia: Evidence from the Processing of Lexical Ambiguities

The role of thematic structures in interpretation and parsing

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