A model of movement dysfunction provides a classification system guiding diagnosis and therapeutic care in spinal pain and related musculoskeletal syndromes: A paradigm shift—Part 1

Pulmonary Function of Patients with Chronic Neck Pain: A Spirometry Study

“…Weakness of common cervical muscles (sternocleidomastoid, scaleni, and trapezius) may have had a direct effect on respiratory function but could have led to muscle imbalances and spinal instability 32,33 through an effect on the rib cage mechanics and conse- quentially the biomechanical function of the respiratory muscles. 5,33 These mechanical changes in respiratory muscles may influence their ability to generate appropriate force levels 6 and can lead to permanent respiratory weakness due to plastic changes. 34 This respiratory weakness can lead to dysfunction of the respiratory pump, compromising its ability to produce optimal maximal flows and to expand the lungs and consequently leading to a general deterioration of respiratory performance.…”

Nonsurgical Treatment of Acetabular Labrum Tears: A Case Series

“…Therefore, improper coordination of movement patterns may play a large role in whether or not a patient experiences symptoms related to instability. 15 Studies have determined that, in healthy people, pelvic postural control during lower limb exercises occurs through the simultaneous contraction of local and global muscles. 12 In contrast, it was found that multifidus and transversus abdominis activation was impaired in individuals with pelvic injuries.…”

Chronic pelvic pain: Pelvic floor problems, sacro-iliac dysfunction and the trigger point connection

“…A cautionary note is raised by Key et al (2007) who suggest that there is currently an overemphasis on core control/stability, which may result in 'core rigidity': ''Over-applied core stability training can become 'core rigidity training'-inducing central fixing behaviour around the body's centre of gravity and associated dysfunctional breathing patterns''. And by implication, pelvic floor dysfunction.…”

“…Janda (1983) identified crossed-syndrome patterns in which particular muscle groups were either inhibited or lengthened, while opposing muscle groups tightened and shortened, in response to patterns of overuse and misuse, often involving postural factors. Key et al (2007) have observed and catalogued a number of variations within the patterns of compensation/adaptation associated with chronic postural realignment involved in crossed-syndromes. Such modified postural patterns are commonly associated with pelvic deviation and or rotation, with profound implications for both respiratory and pelvic floor function.…”