A model of multiple factors influencing learner retention in MOOC during the COVID-19 pandemic

Abstract

This study aims to explore multiple factors influencing learner retention in Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) during the COVID-19 pandemic. To address this, a research method is developed based on structural equation modeling analysis and 14 research hypotheses. The proposed research model and research hypotheses are empirically tested with 2131 international participants. According to the results, support is found for eleven of the fourteen research hypotheses. We confirmed 14 factors influencing learner retention (LR) in MOOC, i.e. Instructor to Learner Interaction, Instructor Support, Instructor Feedback, Learner to Learner Interaction, Course Content, Course Structure, Information Delivery, Perceived Effectiveness, Quality Resources, Flexibility and Scaffolding for Diversity, Technology, Focus of Subjects, Pre-Course Information, and Timing. The result is helpful and beneficial for designers and manufacturers of MOOC to improve the quality of the products and facilitate online or blended learning during this special time. It could also help students improve their learning experience. Future research could be conducted into influencing factors of LR in MOOC with interdisciplinary cooperation.