A Model of the Attack of Pure Water or Undersaturated Lime Solutions on Cement

Buil, M.; Revertégat, E.; Oliver, J. P.

doi:10.1520/stp19554s

Cited by 43 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…As for the thermodynamic equilibrium of calcium in the solid and liquid phases, an isotherm correlation proposed by Buil's et al (1992) is installed with minor modifications for computational efficiency as shown in Fig. 3.…”

Section: Solid-liquid Equilibrium For Calciummentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of Calcium Leaching from Cement Hydrates Coupled with Micro-Pore Formation

Nakarai

Ishida

Maekawa

2006

ACT

103

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A computational system for predicting the long-term degradation of cement hydrates due to calcium leaching is presented. The leaching of calcium ions from hardened cement hydrates is simulated as the multi-phase equilibrium of calcium in solid and liquid phases and their transport is formulated on the basis of thermodynamics. The time-dependent properties of cement hydrates associated with hydration, pore-structure development, and moisture transport are evaluated by integrating calcium leaching and statistical models of chemo-physics. The proposed model delivers reasonable predictions of calcium leaching in high-performance concrete with a low water-to-cement ratio as self-curing takes place.

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Section: Solid-liquid Equilibrium For Calciummentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of Calcium Leaching from Cement Hydrates Coupled with Micro-Pore Formation

Nakarai

Ishida

Maekawa

2006

ACT

103

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“…In considering diffusion phenomena related to the long-term durability of cementitious materials, ion diffusion models have been proposed in studies on numerical analysis (Buil et al 1992;Sutou et al 2004). It is generally known that the diffusion coefficient is high in correlation with the void ratio when the chemical influence of hydration products and layered compounds is supposed to be small.…”

Section: Validity Of Application Of Electrical Treatment For Leachingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerical analysis of deterioration caused by leaching has been reported (Buil et al 1992;Sutou et al 2004). Reports have described modeling of dissolution from the solid phase and ion diffusion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Electrical Treatment to Alteration of Cementitious Material due to Leaching

Hashimoto

Otsuki

Saito

et al. 2013

ACT

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Long-term durability against leaching is considered necessary and is currently treated as an important issue. Electrical treatment, which can accelerate deterioration due to ion migration, has been used to evaluate long-term durability against leaching. In the case of nuclear waste disposal and facilities, long-term performance for hundreds or thousands of years is expected. The purposes of this research were to investigate with electrical treatment 1) chemical alteration, such as decrease of Ca(OH) 2 and Ca/Si ratio of C-S-H, 2) physical alteration, such as increase of cumulative pore volume and threshold pore, 3) the feasibility of electrical treatment for the evaluation of diffusion coefficient alteration due to leaching with void ratio, and 4) the proposition of a simple and feasible method to evaluate the continuous pore structure after electrical treatment with MIP (Mercury Intrusion Porosimeter). This study yielded important data for understanding leaching alteration by electrical treatment and indicating the feasibility of applying electrical treatment. Moreover, it was revealed that the continuous pore structure, concerning the durability of cementitious materials, can be resolved by hysteresis curves under increased and decreased pressures in MIP.

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“…3 (Buil et al 1992). The initial concentration of Ca 2+ in the pore solution is 0.02 mol/l-solution and must be maintained as long as the Ca(OH) 2 remains in the solid.…”

Section: Chemical Equilibrium For Ca(oh) 2 Dissolution and C-s-h Decamentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Transport of Chloride and Calcium Ions in Hydrated Cement Systems

Sugiyama

Ritthichauy

Tsuji

2003

ACT

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This paper presents a new method for numerically calculating the concentration profiles of both solid calcium and total chloride ions (Cl -) in concrete in contact with 3% (0.5 mol/l) sodium chloride (NaCl) solution. Since the diffusion of ions present in the pore solution is a primary controlling factor, the application of mutual diffusion coefficients of corresponding ions that are influenced by the concentration of other coexisting ions is proposed. The method of calculation is based on the generalized form of Fick's First Law suggested by Onsager, which is composed of the Onsager phenomenological coefficient and the thermodynamic force between ions, which occurs according to the gradient of electrochemical potential in a multicomponent concentrated solution for the pore solution. In addition, the chemical equilibrium for Ca(OH) 2 dissolution and C-S-H decalcification are also modeled and coupled with diffusion. Increased porosity due to dissolved Ca 2+ and a chloride binding isotherm are taken into consideration. The concentration profiles of solid calcium and the presence of Friedel's salt in mortar specimens are experimentally identified by the X-ray diffraction method (XRD) and the thermal analysis (TG/DTA) as well as the total chloride profile using an acid extraction method after three years of exposure to 0.5 mol/l NaCl solution. This experimental result verifies the calculation result.

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A Model of the Attack of Pure Water or Undersaturated Lime Solutions on Cement

Cited by 43 publications

References 9 publications

Modeling of Calcium Leaching from Cement Hydrates Coupled with Micro-Pore Formation

Modeling of Calcium Leaching from Cement Hydrates Coupled with Micro-Pore Formation

Application of Electrical Treatment to Alteration of Cementitious Material due to Leaching

Simultaneous Transport of Chloride and Calcium Ions in Hydrated Cement Systems

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