A model to conceptualize interactivity

Nam, Tek-Jin; Park, Sunyoung; Verlinden, Jouke

doi:10.1007/s12008-009-0069-5

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…It is essential to capture the voice of the customer (end user) during testing (Carulli, Bordegoni & Cugini 2013). One aspect of prototyping fidelity is the interactivity level (Nam, Park & Verlinden 2009). The design team can assess to what degree a prototype will capture potential user interactions.…”

Section: Usabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design prototyping methods: state of the art in strategies, techniques, and guidelines

et al. 2017

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Prototyping is interwoven with nearly all product, service, and systems development efforts. A prototype is a pre-production representation of some aspect of a concept or final design. Prototyping often predetermines a large portion of resource deployment in development and influences design project success. This review surveys literature sources in engineering, management, design science, and architecture. The study is focused around design prototyping for early stage design. Insights are synthesized from critical review of the literature: key objectives of prototyping, critical review of major techniques, relationships between techniques, and a strategy matrix to connect objectives to techniques. The review is supported with exemplar prototypes provided from industrial design efforts. Techniques are roughly categorized into those that improve the outcomes of prototyping directly, and those that enable prototyping through lowering of cost and time. Compact descriptions of each technique provide a foundation to compare the potential benefits and drawbacks of each. The review concludes with a summary of key observations, highlighted opportunities in the research, and a vision of the future of prototyping. This review aims to provide a resource for designers as well as set a trajectory for continuing innovation in the scientific research of design prototyping.

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Section: Usabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The design team can assess to what degree a prototype will capture potential user interactions. This in turn will delineate the scope of testing (Nam et al 2009).…”

Section: Usabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Design prototyping methods: state of the art in strategies, techniques, and guidelines

et al. 2017

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“…Many communication scholars have attempted to conceptualize interactivity with various definitions and diverse models (Kiousis, 2002;Kweon, Cho, & Kim, 2008;McMillan & Hwang, 2002;Nam, Park, & Verlinden, 2009). Several studies have focused on the communication between individuals (Lowry, Romano, Jenkins, & Guthrie, 2009;Rafaeli, 1988;Rice & Williams, 1984); whereas others discuss it more in the context of interaction between individuals and computer/network/ system (Oh & Sundar, 2015;Sicilia, Ruiz, & Munuera, 2005;Sundar, Kalyanaraman, & Brown, 2003).…”

Section: Interactivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactivity and memory: Information processing of interactive versus non-interactive content

Sundar

2016

Computers in Human Behavior

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a b s t r a c tExisting research on the effects of interactivity tends to treat it as a global characteristic of the interface. However, not all content on an interface is endowed with interactive features. Therefore, it is important to explore how interactivity affects the cognitive processing of those particular content that is presented with interactive features and the surrounding content without these features. With this objective, a between-subjects experiment was conducted to understand how levels of interactivity affect information processing among users of an e-commerce website. The major findings of the study are: 1) Higher interactivity enhances recognition as well as recall memory of interactive content, but diminishes recognition and recall memory of non-interactive content; 2) Individuals spend the least amount of time on the interface with high interactivity, while most of this time is spent on interactive part rather than non-interactive part of the interface; 3) A moderate level of interactivity attracts most user attention to product information. The findings about interactivity's effect have implications for cue-summation theory and limited capacity theory. The experiment's results also hold practical implications for e-tailers.

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“…2.2). However, it appears that important challenges still remain regarding the adoption and acceptance of such tools, as more traditional techniques like simple hand sketches have been reported to be the dominant medium for early exploration in practice [25][26][27]. Some of the limitations that explain the slow adoption may be that most available tools like CAD softwares are well suited for detailed design stages [28], but can lead to premature convergence and hinder free exploration.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

The perceived value of human-AI collaboration in early shape exploration: An exploratory assessment

Arias-Rosales

2022

PLoS ONE

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As a vital element of early shape exploration, divergence can be time-consuming and challenging, with iterative cycles where idea fixation and creative blocks must be overcome for fuzzy ideas to be fully expanded and understood. Despite interesting tools that have been developed for this purpose, some important challenges remain, as it appears that many designers still prefer simple freehand sketching and tend to defer the use of computational tools to later stages. This work presents an exploratory assessment of the perceived value of a new tool, Shapi, developed to assist early shape exploration by addressing some of the pitfalls reported in the literature. Shapi is envisioned as an autonomous assistant that provides local and global shape variations in the form of rough sketches based on an initial human sketch and interactive cycles. These shape variations are What-If scenarios and cognitive facilitators that may spark new ideas or enable a deeper understanding of the shape and the identification of interesting patterns. Shapi’s capabilities are explored in a diverse set of case studies with different purposes: nine implementations in industrial design, three in graphic design, and five with open-ended artistic purposes. These implementations are then used in a survey about initial perceived value in which the majority gave high ratings in terms of exploration (75.5% ≥ 4 out of 5), interpretation (83.7% ≥ 4), adaptation (77.6% ≥ 4), value (73.5% ≥ 4), creativity (69.4% ≥ 4), and general interest in the tool (79.6% ≥ 4). This work brings insight into promising functionalities, opportunities, and risks in the intersection between artificial intelligence, design, and art.

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A model to conceptualize interactivity

Cited by 14 publications

References 22 publications

Design prototyping methods: state of the art in strategies, techniques, and guidelines

Design prototyping methods: state of the art in strategies, techniques, and guidelines

Interactivity and memory: Information processing of interactive versus non-interactive content

The perceived value of human-AI collaboration in early shape exploration: An exploratory assessment

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