A Model to Correlate Permeability With Efficient Porosity and Irreducible 
Water Saturation

Shang, Bruce Z.; Hamman, Jeffry; Chen, Hung-Lung; Caldwell, Donald F.

doi:10.2523/84303-ms

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…For different water saturation s w , porosity φ, formation resistivity factor F at 100% water saturation and formation resistivity factor F w at each s w , we can estimate the model parameters, κ, λ and wc s by error minimization in the water saturation versus resistivity index domain using equations (9) through (12). Once the optimal model parameters are established, water saturation and hydrocarbon saturation can be predicted from resistivity measurements.…”

Section: Variation Of Water Distribution With Saturationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For different water saturation s w , porosity φ, formation resistivity factor F at 100% water saturation and measured apparent formation resistivity factor F wm at each s w , we can estimate parameters, κ, λ, s wc and ox c by error minimization using equations (9), (11), (12) and (16).…”

Section: Non-electrolytic Conductivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shang et al [11][12][13] introduced the equivalent rock element model (EREM). It is a simple physical model containing two orthogonal pore components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been demonstrated 11 that EREM can not only relate formation resistivity factor to porosity more accurately for both Archie and non-Archie rocks, but also comply with physical bounds. Shang et al 12 showed that permeability estimation based on EREM is superior to traditional methods using similar physical measurements. In this study, we apply EREM to relate resistivity measurements with water saturation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improved Water Saturation Estimation Using Equivalent Rock Element Model and Application to Different Rock Types

Shang

Hamman

Caldwell

2008

Europec/Eage Conference and Exhibition

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simple physical model that reflects the two main components in a pore structure and accounts for the first order transfer effect. This ensures compliance with physical boundary conditions and increases the predictiveness.(2) The innovative inclusion of critical water saturation avoids the underestimation of water saturation at low water saturations. It links electrical measurements with capillary pressure measurements and allows the two observations to cross-validate and complement each other. (3) The proposed method is demonstrated to match core measurements from different rock and pore types with a single model. P p Pf PfEquivalent Rock Element Model in 2D view

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Section: Variation Of Water Distribution With Saturationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Non-electrolytic Conductivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shang et al [11][12][13] introduced the equivalent rock element model (EREM). It is a simple physical model containing two orthogonal pore components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Improved Water Saturation Estimation Using Equivalent Rock Element Model and Application to Different Rock Types

Shang

Hamman

Caldwell

2008

Europec/Eage Conference and Exhibition

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“…We have satisfactorily applied EREM to permeability estimation in a separate study. 17 The pore structure is first determined from formation resistivity factor, then modified by irreducible water saturation to compute efficient flow porosity. It has been demonstrated that permeability could be estimated more accurately by correlating with efficient flow porosity.…”

Section: Other Erem Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Physical Model to Explain the First Archie Relationship and Beyond

Shang

Hamman

Caldwell

2003

Proceedings of SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition

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TX 75083-3836, U.S.A., fax 01-972-952-9435. AbstractWe report a new model relating porosity and formation resistivity factor. This model not only explains both Archie and non-Archie behaviors with non-conductive minerals, but also complies with meaningful physical bounds. We define an equivalent rock element aligned with the direction of measurement, in which the pore structure is comprised of two orthogonal components. One is oriented along electrical potential gradient and contributes most efficiently to current flow. The other is perpendicular to the gradient and contributes least efficiently per unit pore volume. The ratio of the former over the latter is defined as "pore structure efficiency". By adjusting pore structure efficiency, any rock can be equivalently represented. Formation resistivity factor can then be expressed as a function of total porosity and pore structure efficiency. Upon analyzing relevant factors in reservoir rocks, we approximate pore structure efficiency as a simple linear or power function of porosity. This leads to a new theoretical relationship between formation resistivity factor and porosity that:(1) explains and agrees with Archie's generalized first equation for a geologically realistic porosity range from 0 to 40%, (2) explains non-Archie phenomena, e.g. noticeable curvature in dual logrithm coordinate space of formation factor versus porosity, (3) is consistent with physical bounds from 0 to 100% porosity, e.g., the magnitude of slope is never smaller than 1, and tends to be 1 as porosity approaches 100%, (4) generalizes multiple porosity domain system into one transitionally smooth description, (5) contains a term representing pore structure efficiency independent of porosity that can be potentially used for fracture analysis, (6) is applicable to both isotropic and anisotropic media by definition. Fig. 1-The straight tube model. The only pore is a straight tube. The formation resistivity factor is F=1/φ. The efficient electrical porosity is the same as total porosity. P p Pf Pf Equivalent Rock Element Model in 2D view Electrical Potential Gradient P p Pf Pf Equivalent Rock Element Model in 2D view Electrical Potential Gradient Fig. 2-Equivalent rock element model. The pore space is comprised of two components, one parallel and the other perpendicular to electrical potential gradient.

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Estimate Petrophysical Properties by Using Machine Learning Methods

Tam

Thanh²

2023

Advances in Research on Water Resources and Environmental Systems

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A Model to Correlate Permeability With Efficient Porosity and Irreducible Water Saturation

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Improved Water Saturation Estimation Using Equivalent Rock Element Model and Application to Different Rock Types

Improved Water Saturation Estimation Using Equivalent Rock Element Model and Application to Different Rock Types

A Physical Model to Explain the First Archie Relationship and Beyond

Estimate Petrophysical Properties by Using Machine Learning Methods

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