A Model to Derive Soil Criteria for Benzene Migrating from Soil to Dwelling Interior in Homes with Crawl Spaces

Turczynowicz, Leonid; Robinson, Neville I.

doi:10.1080/20018091094420

Cited by 27 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…Extension of the widely cited Behaviour Assessment Model of Jury et al (1983) by and further refined by Robinson (2000) and Turczynowicz and Robinson (2001) has resulted in the development of a one-dimensional (1D) transport model applicable to Australian conditions. This indoor vapour intrusion model for crawl space homes has been applied to benzene (Turczynowicz and Robinson, 2001) and more recently to benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene and xylenes (BTEX), and naphthalene and volatile total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) fractions (Turczynowicz, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This indoor vapour intrusion model for crawl space homes has been applied to benzene (Turczynowicz and Robinson, 2001) and more recently to benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene and xylenes (BTEX), and naphthalene and volatile total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) fractions (Turczynowicz, 2003). This particular model is also capable of handling a concrete slabon-ground construction scenario but ignores the presence of the water table and non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs), both of which are included in a recent extension (Robinson, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The modelling of the VOC movement in crawl space and dwelling space is that adopted in Turczynowicz and Robinson (2001) (and also in Robinson (2003)) and is the well-mixed, box modelling, 1D-type, with the crucial ventilation characteristics obtained from actual measurements on houses (see Turczynowicz and Robinson (2001) for details).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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One- and Three-Dimensional Soil Transportation Models for Volatiles Migrating from Soils to House Interiors

Robinson

Turczynowicz

2005

Transp Porous Med

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Two models are presented for the transient migration of a volatile organic compound (VOC) from soil to the interor of a house with a crawl space. The migration in the house is taken as one-dimensional (1D) and coupled to a soil transportation model with diffusion, leaching and VOC degradation. The diffusion is either vertical, providing a 1D model, or three-dimensional (3D) axisymmetric, providing a 3D model. The initial subsurface VOC deposition is assumed to be a finite layer extending over the footprint of the house in the 1D case or as a cylinder of arbitrary radius in the 3D case. Using data for benzene as the VOC, comparisons are made for results from the two models for VOC concentrations in soil, crawl space and dwelling space as well as the cumulative dwelling space concentration used in human health assessment, for a wide range of soil parameters and subsurface sizes of the initial VOC cylinder. In all cases the values from the 1D transport model were slightly higher than those for the 3D model. The analysis uses Laplace transforms with numerical inversions. For the 3D soil transport model, different soil surface flux boundary conditions underneath and outside the house give rise to novel dual integral equations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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One- and Three-Dimensional Soil Transportation Models for Volatiles Migrating from Soils to House Interiors

Robinson

Turczynowicz

2005

Transp Porous Med

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“…Data from sites in Australian were used to address, dilution, ventilation and first-order soil and air degradation (Turczynowicz & Robinson, 2007). The sensitivity analysis revealed that mainly building parameters drive the VI predicted by the volatilization algorithm, and to a lesser extend the soil and physico-chemical properties (Turczynowicz & Robinson, 2001 (Johnson & Ettinger, 1991), predict indoor air concentrations for aromatic hydrocarbons up to 2 OoM higher than the observed concentrations. Caution is required when applying algorithms for highly convective soils.…”

Section: Accuracy and Conservatism Of Screening Level Algorithmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A volatilization algorithm was presented by Turczynowicz and Robinson (2001) for the case of a worst case exposure for a crawl space dwelling, as this is typical for Australia. The algorithm predicts indoor concentrations by applying a 1D transport model where the source is infinite.…”

Section: Accuracy and Conservatism Of Screening Level Algorithmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy and Conservatism of Vapour Intrusion Algorithms for Contaminated Land Management

Provoost

Reijnders²,

Bronders³

2013

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This paper provides a view on the suitability of screening-level vapour intrusion (VI) algorithms for contaminated land management. It focuses on the accuracy and level of conservatism for a number of screening-level algorithms used for VI into buildings. The paper discusses the published evidence of the accuracy of VI algorithms and puts the conservatism is a broader regulatory perspective, including advice on how to deal with variation. In closing further research needs are provided.

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A two‐dimensional analytical model of vapor intrusion involving vertical heterogeneity

Yao¹,

Verginelli

Suuberg

2017

Water Resources Research

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In this work, we present an analytical chlorinated vapor intrusion (CVI) model that can estimate source‐to‐indoor air concentration attenuation by simulating two‐dimensional (2‐D) vapor concentration profile in vertically heterogeneous soils overlying a homogenous vapor source. The analytical solution describing the 2‐D soil gas transport was obtained by applying a modified Schwarz‐Christoffel mapping method. A partial field validation showed that the developed model provides results (especially in terms of indoor emission rates) in line with the measured data from a case involving a building overlying a layered soil. In further testing, it was found that the new analytical model can very closely replicate the results of three‐dimensional (3‐D) numerical models at steady state in scenarios involving layered soils overlying homogenous groundwater sources. By contrast, by adopting a two‐layer approach (capillary fringe and vadose zone) as employed in the EPA implementation of the Johnson and Ettinger model, the spatially and temporally averaged indoor concentrations in the case of groundwater sources can be higher than the ones estimated by the numerical model up to two orders of magnitude. In short, the model proposed in this work can represent an easy‐to‐use tool that can simulate the subsurface soil gas concentration in layered soils overlying a homogenous vapor source while keeping the simplicity of an analytical approach that requires much less computational effort.

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A Model to Derive Soil Criteria for Benzene Migrating from Soil to Dwelling Interior in Homes with Crawl Spaces

Cited by 27 publications

References 1 publication

One- and Three-Dimensional Soil Transportation Models for Volatiles Migrating from Soils to House Interiors

One- and Three-Dimensional Soil Transportation Models for Volatiles Migrating from Soils to House Interiors

Accuracy and Conservatism of Vapour Intrusion Algorithms for Contaminated Land Management

A two‐dimensional analytical model of vapor intrusion involving vertical heterogeneity

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