A Model to Predict 1‐Month Risk of Transplant or Death in Hepatitis A–Related Acute Liver Failure

Kim, Jin-Dong; Cho, Eun Ju; Ahn, Cheol‐Hee; Park, Sung Sup; Choi, Jong Young; Lee, Han Chu; Kim, Do Young; Choi, Moon Seok; Wang, Hee Jung; Kim, In Hee; Yeon, Jong Eun; Seo, Yeon Seok; Tak, Won Young; Kim, Moon Young; Lee, Heon Ju; Kim, Yun Soo; Jun, Dae Won; Sohn, Joo Hyun; Kwon, So Young; Park, Sang Hoon; Heo, Jeong; Jeong, Sook Hyang; Lee, Jeong Hoon; Nakayama, Nobuaki; Mochida, Satoshi; Ido, Akio; Tsubouchi, Hirohito; Takikawa, Hazime; Shalimar, S.; Acharya, Subrat Kumar; Bernal, William; O’Grady, John; Kim, Yoon Jun

doi:10.1002/hep.30262

Cited by 29 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Korean HAV subgenotype IIIA is also associated with ALF, in contrast to previous studies suggesting that all HAV-related ALF patients have subgenotype IA. 33 No clear results were obtained in studies of the differences between patients with a benign HAV course and those with a fulminant course.…”

Section: Hepatitis Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of liver failure in Asia‐Pacific region

Jindal

Sarin

2022

Liver International

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It is important to understand the concept of liver failure because it can manifest in a number of phenotypes. If the onset of liver dysfunction or jaundice is accompanied by encephalopathy within days or weeks, it is called acute liver failure (ALF). 1 If chronic liver disease is rapidly worsened (within 4 weeks) by an acute event such as a hepatitis B or autoimmune flare or excessive alcohol intake, this is called acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). [2][3][4] Early recognition of ACLF before the onset of sepsis and extrahepatic insults (such as renal, circulatory and respiratory failure) is important to help prioritize organ-specific interventions. 5 The syndrome of ACLF is potentially reversible 2 and with early attenuation of acute precipitating event, liver reserve improves, fibrosis regresses and portal pressure decreases. The clinical course and outcomes of ACLF patients are well differentiated from decompensated cirrhosis patients

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Section: Hepatitis Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of liver failure in Asia‐Pacific region

Jindal

Sarin

2022

Liver International

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“…In 2006, the ALFSG study group designed a prognostic model based on clinical features at presentation [alanine transaminase (ALT) < 2600 IU/L, creatinine > 2.0 mg/dL, intubation, and vasopressors] that predict the likelihood of death and need for transplant with high accuracy[ 13 ]. Subsequently, a refined scoring system was derived from a cohort of 294 Korean patients with fulminant hepatitis A to predict the likelihood of death or need for liver transplant[ 14 ]. This scoring system takes multiple objective values (age, international normalized ratio, bilirubin, ammonia, creatinine, and hemoglobin) at the time of HAV-associated ALF into account, and compared to the ALFSG study group, this new model better predicted the likelihood of death or need for transplantation in both the Korean discovery cohort and international validation cohorts[ 14 ].…”

Section: Hepatitis Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequently, a refined scoring system was derived from a cohort of 294 Korean patients with fulminant hepatitis A to predict the likelihood of death or need for liver transplant[ 14 ]. This scoring system takes multiple objective values (age, international normalized ratio, bilirubin, ammonia, creatinine, and hemoglobin) at the time of HAV-associated ALF into account, and compared to the ALFSG study group, this new model better predicted the likelihood of death or need for transplantation in both the Korean discovery cohort and international validation cohorts[ 14 ]. These scoring systems are useful in determining the level of care that a patient with acute HAV infection should receive.…”

Section: Hepatitis Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral hepatitis: Past, present, and future

Odenwald¹,

Paul²

2022

WJG

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Each hepatitis virus—Hepatitis A, B, C, D, E, and G—poses a distinct scenario to the patient and clinician alike. Since the discovery of each virus, extensive knowledge regarding epidemiology, virologic properties, and the natural clinical and immunologic history of acute and chronic infections has been generated. Basic discoveries about host immunologic responses to acute and chronic viral infections, combined with virologic data, has led to vaccines to prevent Hepatitis A, B, and E and highly efficacious antivirals for Hepatitis B and C. These therapeutic breakthroughs are transforming the fields of hepatology, transplant medicine in general, and public and global health. Most notably, there is even an ambitious global effort to eliminate chronic viral hepatitis within the next decade. While attainable, there are many barriers to this goal that are being actively investigated in basic and clinical labs on the local, national, and international scales. Herein, we discuss pertinent clinical information and recent organizational guidelines for each of the individual hepatitis viruses while also synthesizing this information with the latest research to focus on exciting future directions for each virus.

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“…Acute hepatitis A usually exhibits more severe inflammation, such as a higher fever and higher C-reactive protein levels, compared to acute hepatitis due to other hepatitis viruses [ 109 , 110 , 111 ]. Some cases of acute HAV infection present acute renal failure [ 112 , 113 , 114 ]. These results suggest that HAV infection activates human immune systems and induces cytokines [ 115 , 116 , 117 , 118 , 119 ].…”

Section: Prevention Of Hav Infection In Patients With Chronic LIVmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-Occurrence of Hepatitis A Infection and Chronic Liver Disease

Sasaki

Masuzaki

Takahashi

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection occasionally leads to a critical condition in patients with or without chronic liver diseases. Acute-on-chronic liver disease includes acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) and non-ACLF. In this review, we searched the literature concerning the association between HAV infection and chronic liver diseases in PubMed. Chronic liver diseases, such as metabolic associated fatty liver disease and alcoholic liver disease, coinfection with other viruses, and host genetic factors may be associated with severe hepatitis A. It is important to understand these conditions and mechanisms. There may be no etiological correlation between liver failure and HAV infection, but there is an association between the level of chronic liver damage and the severity of acute-on-chronic liver disease. While the application of an HAV vaccination is important for preventing HAV infection, the development of antivirals against HAV may be important for preventing the development of ACLF with HAV infection as an acute insult. The latter is all the more urgent given that the lives of patients with HAV infection and a chronic liver disease of another etiology may be at immediate risk.

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A Model to Predict 1‐Month Risk of Transplant or Death in Hepatitis A–Related Acute Liver Failure

Cited by 29 publications

References 35 publications

Epidemiology of liver failure in Asia‐Pacific region

Epidemiology of liver failure in Asia‐Pacific region

Viral hepatitis: Past, present, and future

Co-Occurrence of Hepatitis A Infection and Chronic Liver Disease

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