A Modeling Comparison of the Potential Effects on Marine Mammals from Sounds Produced by Marine Vibroseis and Air Gun Seismic Sources

Matthews, Marie-Noël R.; Ireland, Darren S.; Zeddies, David G.; Brune, Robert H.; Pyć, Cynthia D.

doi:10.3390/jmse9010012

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…A diferencia del ruido ambiente antes mencionado, que casi siempre está presente, algunos sonidos son intermitentes o solo se producen en regiones limitadas del océano. Hay un gran número de fuentes intermitentes de sonido en el océano, incluidos los procesos físicos naturales, la vida marina y las fuentes artificiales [79][80][81].…”

Section: ¿Cuáles Son Los Sonidos Submarinos Más Comunes?unclassified

Conceptos Básicos de la Ciencia del Sonido en el Mar

Campo-Valera¹,

Rodríguez‐Rodríguez²,

Rodríguez³

2023

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El sonido es una fuerza poderosa que envuelve nuestro mundo y desempeña un papel fundamental en la comprensión y exploración del entorno que nos rodea. En ningún lugar esta verdad es más evidente que en el vasto y misterioso océano, donde las ondas acústicas viajan y se propagan a través de un medio distinto al del aire, que presenta características únicas y desafíos particulares. Este libro está diseñado para proporcionar una introducción clara y accesible a los conceptos básicos de la ciencia del sonido en el mar sin pretender ser un tratado exhaustivo sobre el tema, y está enfocado a todas las personas que tengan el deseo de sumergirse en este fascinante mundo, así como a estudiantes e ingenieros. A lo largo de sus páginas, se exploran principios científicos fundamentales y se presentan ejemplos y aplicaciones prácticas para ilustrar los conceptos comentados. Al entender los fundamentos de la ciencia del sonido en el mar, los lectores entenderán la importancia y las complejidades del sonido en el océano y cómo se utiliza esta ciencia en diversas disciplinas; que va desde la exploración hasta la conservación de la vida marina, las comunicaciones submarinas, entre otros. Al finalizar este viaje, esperamos que los lectores se sientan capacitados para explorar aún más este emocionante campo y ser consciente de su relevancia en el mundo marino. Con todo, este libro está conformado por cinco capítulos: En el Capítulo 1, exploraremos los aspectos fundamentales del sonido como onda acústica. En el Capítulo 2, nos adentraremos en el fascinante viaje del sonido a través del océano. El Capítulo 3, nos sumergirá en el mundo de las mediciones acústicas submarinas. El Capítulo 4, tratará los diversos sonidos submarinos que llenan el océano. Por último, el Capítulo 5, nos adentrará en conceptos más complejos pero igualmente interesantes. ¡Prepárate para sumergirte en el apasionante mundo del sonido en el mar!

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Section: ¿Cuáles Son Los Sonidos Submarinos Más Comunes?unclassified

Conceptos Básicos de la Ciencia del Sonido en el Mar

Campo-Valera¹,

Rodríguez‐Rodríguez²,

Rodríguez³

2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Compared to airguns, vibroseis sources can have lower peak energy, longer duration pulses, higher portability (no compressors needed), high tunability and repeatability, and better elimination of unwanted frequencies. Some of these factors should contribute to reduced impact on marine mammals [84] even though the long duration (seconds) of marine vibroseis signals yields high-duty cycles (shorter quiet periods between pulses). The private sector has evaluated marine vibroseis sources [10] and the resulting seismic data, but the sources are not yet used routinely.…”

Section: Uncategorized Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Categorizing Active Marine Acoustic Sources Based on Their Potential to Affect Marine Animals

Ruppel

Weber

Staaterman

et al. 2022

JMSE

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Marine acoustic sources are widely used for geophysical imaging, oceanographic sensing, and communicating with and tracking objects or robotic vehicles in the water column. Under the U.S. Marine Mammal Protection Act and similar regulations in several other countries, the impact of controlled acoustic sources is assessed based on whether the sound levels received by marine mammals meet the criteria for harassment that causes certain behavioral responses. This study describes quantitative factors beyond received sound levels that could be used to assess how marine species are affected by many commonly deployed marine acoustic sources, including airguns, high-resolution geophysical sources (e.g., multibeam echosounders, sidescan sonars, subbottom profilers, boomers, and sparkers), oceanographic instrumentation (e.g., acoustic doppler current profilers, split-beam fisheries sonars), and communication/tracking sources (e.g., acoustic releases and locators, navigational transponders). Using physical criteria about the sources, such as source level, transmission frequency, directionality, beamwidth, and pulse repetition rate, we divide marine acoustic sources into four tiers that could inform regulatory evaluation. Tier 1 refers to high-energy airgun surveys with a total volume larger than 1500 in3 (24.5 L) or arrays with more than 12 airguns, while Tier 2 covers the remaining low/intermediate energy airgun surveys. Tier 4 includes most high-resolution geophysical, oceanographic, and communication/tracking sources, which are considered unlikely to result in incidental take of marine mammals and therefore termed de minimis. Tier 3 covers most non-airgun seismic sources, which either have characteristics that do not meet the de minimis category (e.g., some sparkers) or could not be fully evaluated here (e.g., bubble guns, some boomers). We also consider the simultaneous use of multiple acoustic sources, discuss marine mammal field observations that are consistent with the de minimis designation for some acoustic sources, and suggest how to evaluate acoustic sources that are not explicitly considered here.

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“…To address this issue, as well as to calculate more realistic marine mammal take estimates, several models have been developed to incorporate simulations of marine mammal movements [109][110][111][112][113][114]. Those models include: Acoustic Integration Model (AIM) [109], Marine Mammal Movement and Behavior (3MB) 11 , Navy Acoustic Effects Model (NAEMO) [110,111], and JASCO Animal Simulation Model Including Noise Exposure (JASMINE) [115]. The parameters that seed the virtual marine mammals, or animats, are based on known animal distribution, behavior, and movement under various conditions [116][117][118].…”

Section: Application Of Psychoacoustics In the Marine Mammal Regulato...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Psychoacoustics in Marine Mammal Conservation in the United States: From Science to Management and Policy

Guan

Brookens

2021

JMSE

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Underwater sound generated from human activities has been long recognized to cause adverse effects on marine mammals, ranging from auditory masking to behavioral disturbance to hearing impairment. In certain instances, underwater sound has led to physical injuries and mortalities. Research efforts to assess these impacts began approximately four decades ago with behavioral observations of large whales exposed to seismic surveys and rapidly progressed into the diverse field that today includes studies of behavioral, auditory, and physiological responses of marine mammals exposed to anthropogenic sound. Findings from those studies have informed the manner in which impact assessments have been and currently are conducted by regulatory agencies in the United States. They also have led to additional questions and identified information needed to understand more holistically the impacts of underwater sound, such as population- and species-level effects, long-term, chronic, and cumulative effects, and effects on taxa for which little or no information is known. Despite progress, the regulatory community has been slow to incorporate the best available science in marine mammal management and policy and often has relied on outdated and overly simplified methods in its impact assessments. To implement conservation measures effectively, regulatory agencies must be willing to adapt their regulatory scheme to ensure that the best available scientific information is incorporated accordingly.

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A Modeling Comparison of the Potential Effects on Marine Mammals from Sounds Produced by Marine Vibroseis and Air Gun Seismic Sources

Cited by 9 publications

References 55 publications

Conceptos Básicos de la Ciencia del Sonido en el Mar

Conceptos Básicos de la Ciencia del Sonido en el Mar

Categorizing Active Marine Acoustic Sources Based on Their Potential to Affect Marine Animals

The Use of Psychoacoustics in Marine Mammal Conservation in the United States: From Science to Management and Policy

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