A modelling study of Emiliania huxleyi in the NE atlantic

Tyrrell, Toby; Taylor, Arnold H.

doi:10.1016/0924-7963(96)00019-x

Cited by 142 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…As the MLD deepens and light (PAR) levels are significantly reduced, Chl a and PIC concentrations drop gradually after September. The model confirms established ideas of the interplay of light availability, vigorous winter mixing/summer restratification, and nutrient availability, which are central to the classical North Atlantic spring bloom (Nanninga and Tyrrell, 1996;Tyrrell and Taylor, 1996).…”

Section: Biogeochemical Response To Physical Forcingsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Apparently, every year the most productive periods (when Zeu is shallowest) occur during highly stratified conditions (with shallow MLDs). That is an indication that light availability for photosynthesis is a major limiting factor, causing seasonal variability of phytoplankton growth and probably also affecting the species succession in the region (Nanninga and Tyrrell, 1996;Tyrrell and Taylor, 1996). Overall, the model agrees well with the corresponding satellite-derived products.…”

Section: Sensitivity Runssupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Nevertheless, light intensity has been shown to be very important on the blooms of certain species of coccolithophores. The large E. huxleyi bloom south of Iceland in 1991 was modeled and high light was shown to be a positive cause (Tyrrell and Taylor, 1996). Under the intense bloom conditions ,mixing was not very deep and therefore average light intensities in the surface layer were high.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of phytoplankton dynamics in the seasonal and interannual variability of carbon in the subpolar North Atlantic – a modeling study

et al. 2012

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Abstract. We developed an ecosystem/biogeochemical model system, which includes multiple phytoplankton functional groups and carbon cycle dynamics, and applied it to investigate physical-biological interactions in Icelandic waters. Satellite and in situ data were used to evaluate the model. Surface seasonal cycle amplitudes and biases of key parameters (DIC, TA, pCO 2 , air-sea CO 2 flux, and nutrients) are significantly improved when compared to surface observations by prescribing deep water values and trends, based on available data. The seasonality of the coccolithophore and "other phytoplankton" (diatoms and dinoflagellates) blooms is in general agreement with satellite ocean color products. Nutrient supply, biomass and calcite concentrations are modulated by light and mixed layer depth seasonal cycles. Diatoms are the most abundant phytoplankton, with a large bloom in early spring and a secondary bloom in fall. The diatom bloom is followed by blooms of dinoflagellates and coccolithophores. The effect of biological changes on the seasonal variability of the surface ocean pCO 2 is nearly twice the temperature effect, in agreement with previous studies. The inclusion of multiple phytoplankton functional groups in the model played a major role in the accurate representation of CO 2 uptake by biology. For instance, at the peak of the bloom, the exclusion of coccolithophores causes an increase in alkalinity of up to 4 µmol kg −1 with a corresponding increase in DIC of up to 16 µmol kg −1 . During the peak of the bloom in summer, the net effect of the absence of the coccolithophores bloom is an increase in pCO 2 of more than 20 µatm and a reduction of atmospheric CO 2 uptake of more than 6 mmol m −2 d −1 . On average, the impact of coccolithophores is an increase of air-sea CO 2 flux of about 27 %. Considering the areal extent of the bloom from satellite images within the Irminger and Icelandic Basins, this reduction translates into an annual mean of nearly 1500 tonnes C yr −1 .

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Section: Biogeochemical Response To Physical Forcingsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Sensitivity Runssupporting

confidence: 70%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of phytoplankton dynamics in the seasonal and interannual variability of carbon in the subpolar North Atlantic – a modeling study

et al. 2012

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“…The support for phosphate limitation (high inorganic N:P ratios) for allowing coccolithophores to form blooms is not unequivocal as discussed by Lessard et al (2005), who argumented that this was not a necessary condition (but compare with e.g. Tyrrell and Taylor (1996)). Emiliania huxleyi may be well-adapted to grow in low nutrient conditions, as it has been shown to have very high affinity for phosphate, and the ability to use organic nitrogen and phosphorus sources (Palenik and Henson, 1997;Riegman et al, 2000;Benner and Passow, 2010).…”

Section: Phytoplankton Community Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoplankton community dynamics during late spring coccolithophore blooms at the continental margin of the Celtic Sea (North East Atlantic, 2006–2008)

Oostende

Harlay

Vanelslander

et al. 2012

Progress in Oceanography

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a b s t r a c tWe determined the spatial and temporal dynamics of major phytoplankton groups in relation to biogeochemical and physical variables during the late spring coccolithophore blooms (May-June) along and across the continental margin in the Celtic Sea (2006Sea ( -2008. Photosynthetic biomass (chl a) of the dominant plankton groups was determined by CHEMTAX analysis of chromatographic (HPLC) pigment signatures.Phytoplankton standing stock biomass varied substantially between and during the campaigns (areal chl a [mg chl a m À2 ] in June 2006: 63.8 ± 26.5, May 2007: 27.9 ± 8.4, and May 2008: 41.3 ± 21.8), reflecting the different prevailing conditions of weather, irradiance, and sea surface temperature between the campaigns. Coccolithophores, represented mainly by Emiliania huxleyi, and diatoms were the dominant phytoplankton groups, with a maximal contribution of, respectively, 72% and 89% of the total chl a. Prasinophytes, dinoflagellates, and chrysophytes often co-occurred during coccolithophorid blooms, while diatoms dominated the phytoplankton biomass independently of the biomass of other groups. The location of the stations on the shelf or on the slope side of the continental margin did not influence the biomass and the composition of the phytoplankton community despite significantly stronger water column stratification and lower nutrient concentrations on the shelf. The alternation between diatom and coccolithophorid blooms of similar biomass, following the mostly diatom-dominated main spring bloom, was partly driven by changes in nutrient stoichiometry (N:P and dSi:N). High concentrations of transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) were associated with stratified, coccolithophore-rich water masses, which probably originated from the slope of the continental margin and warmed during advection onto the shelf. Although we did not determine the proportion of export production attributed to phytoplankton groups, the abundance of coccolithophores, together with TEP and coccoliths may affect the carbon export efficiency through increased sinking rates of particles formed by aggregation of TEP and coccoliths.

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“…Surface levels of inorganic nutrients within the surface mixed layer are either low or depleted. Egge and Heimdal (1994) and modelling studies with North Atlantic data (Tyrrell and Taylor, 1996) have shown that E. huxleyi can bloom successfully both in mesocosms and oceanic waters with low or depleted levels of phosphate.…”

Section: The State Of Development Of the Bloommentioning

confidence: 99%

The hydrography and biology of a bloom of the coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi in the northern North Sea

Head

Crawford

Egge

et al. 1998

Journal of Sea Research

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In June=July 1994 a study was made of a small bloom of the coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi in an area of the North Sea to the east of the Shetland Islands. Observations on the hydrography of the study area indicated the bloom was associated with Atlantic water and was confined to an area in which a stable shallow mixed layer had formed. There was no evidence to suggest association of horizontal physical structure with the bloom development. High cell densities of >1-6 ð 10 6 cells dm 3 , together with low concentrations of PIC (<50 µg dm 3 ) and detached liths (2-3 ð 10 4 liths cm 3 ) indicated that the bloom was studied at an early stage of development. Biochemical and physiological observations indicated active growth was taking place. The results presented are discussed in comparison with previous studies carried out in both oceanic and shelf seas.

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A modelling study of Emiliania huxleyi in the NE atlantic

Cited by 142 publications

References 46 publications

The role of phytoplankton dynamics in the seasonal and interannual variability of carbon in the subpolar North Atlantic – a modeling study

The role of phytoplankton dynamics in the seasonal and interannual variability of carbon in the subpolar North Atlantic – a modeling study

Phytoplankton community dynamics during late spring coccolithophore blooms at the continental margin of the Celtic Sea (North East Atlantic, 2006–2008)

The hydrography and biology of a bloom of the coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi in the northern North Sea

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