Wireless sensor system includes hundreds to thousands of sensor nodes that helps in collecting different information including temperature, sound, area, etc. It's generally difficult to recharge or change the sensor nodes which may have confined battery capacity. Energy efficiency is therefore a key problem in sustaining the network. Certainly one of the most used alternatives to make WSNs energy-efficient is to cluster the networks. Various clustering techniques are accustomed to effectively optimize or enhance the energy of sensor nodes. In this paper we have examined the various methods of clustering which are centralized, distributed and hybrid utilized in Sensor Networks. This paper also presents a comparative study of various clustering algorithms and the issues of clustering in WSNs.
KeywordsClustering, wireless sensor network, residual energy, multihop, cluster head (CH), base station (BS).