“…The popular PSMAs include the discrete fourier transform (DFT)-based methods [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11], demodulation [12], Kalman filter [13,14], least squares [15,16], wavelet transform [17,18], level crossing [19], subspace algorithm [20], neural network [21], Newton algorithm [22], phase-locked loop (PLL) [23], etc. Some papers prove the effectiveness of the aforementioned methods, such as the DFT-based method having good harmonics rejection and low computation burden, so it can be implemented simply by hardware.…”