A modular, closed-loop platform for intracranial stimulation in people with neurological disorders

Sarma, Anish A.; Crocker, Britni; Cash, Sydney S.; Truccolo, Wilson

doi:10.1109/embc.2016.7591394

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The goal was to examine the association between IID events and brain excitability by delivering stimulation during detected IIDs ( Sarma et al, 2016 ). We assessed the effects of SPES stimulation on IIDs and the effect of IIDs on CCEPs following SPES, across different brain ar-eas.…”

Section: Results: Examples Of Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These features are computed at each time step as an average over a time interval. As in a particular previous application ( Sarma et al, 2016 ), we implement a dual-threshold control algo-rithm: if features are above (below) the upper (lower) threshold for a certain duration, stimulation is triggered. Thresholds can be manually adjusted or dynamically updated.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CLoSES: A platform for closed-loop intracranial stimulation in humans

et al. 2020

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Section: Results: Examples Of Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CLoSES: A platform for closed-loop intracranial stimulation in humans

et al. 2020

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“…An ideal system can respond to single-neuron spikes with minimum latency. In applications such as motor prostheses (involving restoration of sensory proprioception), epilepsy management and seizure control [28], and plasticity [29], low latencies are required to achieve a desired effect, ideally in the µs to low ms range. In this work, the total roundtrip latency (measured as the time required for the implant to send a packet of data, the host PC to receive that packet and send a response, and for the implant to receive the response packet) is typically 450-500 µs.…”

Section: Electrical Stimulation and Bio-potential Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fully Implantable Wireless Bidirectional Neuromodulation System for Mice

Wright

Wong

Mathew

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Novel research in the field of bioelectronic medicine requires systems that pair high-performance neurostimulation and bio-signal acquisition hardware with advanced software signal processing and control algorithms. Although mice are the most commonly used animal in medical research, the size, weight, and power requirements of such systems either preclude their use or impose significant constraints on experimental design. Here, we describe a fully-implantable neuromodulation system suitable for use in mice, measuring 2.2 cm3 and weighing 2.8 g. A bidirectional wireless interface allows simultaneous readout of multiple physiological signals and complete control over stimulation parameters, and a wirelessly rechargeable battery provides a lifetime of up to 5 days on a single charge. The device was successfully implanted (N=12) and a functional neural interface (capable of inducing acute bradycardia) is demonstrated with functional lifetimes exceeding to three weeks. The design utilizes only commercially-available components and 3D-printed packaging, with the goal of accelerating discovery and translation of future bioelectronic therapeutics.

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“…These features are computed at each time step as an average over a time interval. As in a particular previous application (Sarma et al, 2016), we implement a dualthreshold control algorithm: if features are above (below) the upper (lower) threshold for a certain duration, stimulation is triggered. Thresholds can be manually adjusted or dynamically updated as detailed in section Threshold Update.…”

Section: Closes-rt: Stimulate In Near Real-time Following Neural Featmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The goal was to examine the association between IID events and brain excitability by delivering stimulation during detected IIDs (Sarma et al, 2016). We assessed the effects of SPES stimulation on IIDs and the effect of IIDs on CCEPs following SPES, across different brain areas.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CLoSES: A platform for closed-loop intracranial stimulation in humans

Zelmann

Paulk

Basu

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Targeted interrogation of brain networks through invasive brain stimulation has become an increasingly important research tool as well as a therapeutic modality. The majority of work with this emerging capability has been focused on open-loop approaches. Closed-loop techniques, however, could improve neuromodulatory therapies and research investigations by optimizing stimulation approaches using neurally informed, personalized targets. Specifically, closed-loop direct electrical stimulation tests in humans performed during semi-chronic electrode implantation in patients with refractory epilepsy could help deepen our understanding of basic research questions as well as the mechanisms and treatment solutions for many neuropsychiatric diseases. However, implementing closed-loop systems is challenging. In particular, during intracranial epilepsy monitoring, electrodes are implanted exclusively for clinical reasons. Thus, detection and stimulation sites must be participant- and task-specific. In addition, the system must run in parallel with clinical systems, integrate seamlessly with existing setups, and ensure safety features. A robust, yet flexible platform is required to perform different tests in a single participant and to comply with clinical settings. In order to investigate closed-loop stimulation for research and therapeutic use, we developed a Closed-Loop System for Electrical Stimulation (CLoSES) that computes neural features which are then used in a decision algorithm to trigger stimulation in near real-time. To summarize CLoSES, intracranial EEG signals are acquired, band-pass filtered, and local and network features are continuously computed. If target features are detected (e.g. above a preset threshold for certain duration), stimulation is triggered. An added benefit is the flexibility of CLoSES. Not only could the system trigger stimulation while detecting real-time neural features, but we incorporated a pipeline wherein we used an encoder/decoder model to estimate a hidden cognitive state from the neural features. Other features include randomly timed stimulation, which percentage of biomarker detections produce stimulation, and safety refractory periods. CLoSES has been successfully used in twelve patients with implanted depth electrodes in the epilepsy monitoring unit during cognitive tasks, spindle detection during sleep, and epileptic activity detection. CLoSES provides a flexible platform to implement a variety of closed-loop experimental paradigms in humans. We anticipate that probing neural dynamics and interaction between brain states and stimulation responses with CLoSES will lead to novel insights into the mechanism of normal and pathological brain activity, the discovery and evaluation of potential electrographic biomarkers of neurological and psychiatric disorders, and the development and testing of patient-specific stimulation targets and control signals before implanting a therapeutic device.

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A modular, closed-loop platform for intracranial stimulation in people with neurological disorders

Cited by 6 publications

References 15 publications

CLoSES: A platform for closed-loop intracranial stimulation in humans

CLoSES: A platform for closed-loop intracranial stimulation in humans

A Fully Implantable Wireless Bidirectional Neuromodulation System for Mice

CLoSES: A platform for closed-loop intracranial stimulation in humans

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