A molecular epidemiological survey of &lt;i&gt;Babesia&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Hepatozoon&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Ehrlichia&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Anaplasma&lt;/i&gt; infections of dogs in Japan

Kubo, Shotaro; Tateno, Morihiro; Ichikawa, Yasuaki; Endo, Yasuyuki

doi:10.1292/jvms.15-0079

Cited by 22 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In this study and for the first time in Palestine, we have reported the presence of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia in ixodid ticks and blood samples from different domestic animals. These pathogens have been reported from different neighboring countries including; Egypt, Israel and Iran (Loftis et al 2006a, b;Harrus et al 2011;Jafarbekloo et al 2014 In congruence with a study reported from Japan, E. canis was detected in 1.5% of the tested canine blood samples (Kubo et al 2015). In contrast, two studies conducted in Brazil (da Silva et al 2012) and Panama (Santamaria et al 2014) reported much higher prevalence; 16.4% and 64.2%, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

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Molecular characterization of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia in ixodid ticks and reservoir hosts from Palestine: a pilot survey

Zaid

Ereqat

Nasereddin

et al. 2019

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Tick‐borne anaplasmosis and ehrlichiosis are clinically important emerging zoonoses usually overlooked by veterinarians and physicians alike. This study aimed at detecting and genetically characterizing Ehrlichia and Anaplasma species in ixodid ticks and their animal hosts from the West Bank, Palestine. A total of 723 ixodid ticks belonging to three genera ( Rhipicephalus, Hyalomma, Haemaphysalis ) were collected from dogs, sheep, goats and camels. In addition, 189 blood samples were collected from dogs, sheep, camels, horses and a goat from the West Bank, Palestine. All tick and blood samples were investigated for the presence of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia targeting a 345 bp fragment of the 16S rRNA gene followed by sequence analysis. The infection rate of Anaplasma spp. in ticks was 6.5% (47/723). Anaplasma platys was identified in 28% (13/47) of them. Whereas, based on a partial sequence (851 bp) of msp4 gene, 38% (18/47) were identified as A. ovis . The species of the remaining 16 positive samples (16/47, 34%) could not be identified. Simultaneously, the infection rate of Ehrlichia spp. in the ticks was 0.6% (4/723). Three of which were E. canis and one was Ehrlichia spp. The infection rate of A. platys in dogs’ blood samples was 10% (13/135), while it was 1.5% (2/135) for E. canis . The infection rate of Anaplasma in sheep blood samples was 40% (19/47), out of which 26% (5/19) were caused by A. ovis as revealed by msp4 ‐ PCR . Implementation of purely‐spatial analysis by sa TS can for all cases of Anaplasma revealed two statistically significant clusters in two districts; Tubas town and Majdal‐Bani‐Fadil village on the western hills of the Jordan Valley. Most cases of Anaplasma (83%) were from rural areas where life cycle components (vector, host and reservoir) abundantly interact. This study is the first in Palestine to reveal the presence of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia in ticks, dogs and sheep providing crucial platform for future epidemiological surveys and control strategies in the country and region.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…In congruence with a study reported from Japan, E. canis was detected in 1.5% of the tested canine blood samples (Kubo et al . ). In contrast, two studies conducted in Brazil (da Silva et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Molecular characterization of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia in ixodid ticks and reservoir hosts from Palestine: a pilot survey

Zaid

Ereqat

Nasereddin

et al. 2019

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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“…On the other hand, recent reports on Anaplasma or Ehrlichia spp. infections in dogs in Japan remained low (1.5%) [7], similar to previous findings (1.1%) of Sakamoto et al . [8] but lower than the findings (7.5%) of Inokuma et al .…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Anaplasma species of veterinary importance in Japan

Ybañez

Inokuma

2016

Vet World

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Anaplasma species of the family Anaplasmataceae, order Rickettsiales are tick-borne organisms that can cause disease in animals and humans. In Japan, all recognized species of Anaplasma (except for Anaplasma ovis) and a potentially novel Anaplasma sp. closely related to Anaplasma phagocytophilum have been reported. Most of these detected tick-borne pathogens are believed to be lowly pathogenic in animals in Japan although the zoonotic A. phagocytophilum has recently been reported to cause clinical signs in a dog and in humans. This review documents the studies and reports about Anaplasma spp. in Japan.

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“…In veterinary medicine their impact is reflected by economic loss in livestock animals at major scale and home economies, not only due to health problems, but also due to control and treatments [14,18]. In dogs, the main health associated problems with vectors such as ticks, phlebotomine sand flies, and mosquitoes are transmission of diseases such as ehrlichiosis, anaplasmosis, babesiosis, hepatozoonosis, leishmaniasis and dirofilariasis [23,25]. The vector-borne diseases cause severe damage to various organs in the host.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diseases transmitted via ticks/flies accompany serious infection, organ dysfunction and death. Vector-borne diseases such as leishmaniosis, ehrlichiosis, borreliosis, and dirofilariasis are very important because of increased importation of different dog breeds from foreign countries, as well as control requirements of exposed pets [23,25,26,28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpretation of Coagulation Tendency Contributing to Thrombosis in Vector-Borne Diseases (Ehrlichiosis, Anaplasmosis, Leishmaniosis, and Dirofilariasis) among Dogs

Paşa

Ural

Gültekin

2017

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: Vector-borne infectious and zoonotic diseases are an important health problem that directly affects human and animal health negatively. Results through evaluation of coagulation disorders among vector-borne diseases should be of beneficial for both human and dogs studies. According to the present author's knowledge reports regarding changes in platelet (PLT) count, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen (FIB) and D-dimer levels in dogs naturally infected with one or more vector-borne pathogens are lacking. Therefore, the present study was aimed to detecting those parameters for relation between diagnosis and prognosis of vector-borne diseases among dogs. Materials, Methods & Results:The material of this study was 46 dogs (36 were naturally infected with vector-borne diseases and 10 were healthy) from different breed, age and of both sexes. Venous blood samples were obtained to detect PLT counts, antibodies of ehrlichiosis, anaplasmosis, borreliosis, leishmaniosis and antigens of Dirofilaria immitis. The diagnosis of vector-borne diseases was performed by using a commercial ELISA assay kits. PLT count was performed with an automated blood cell counter analyser. In addition, PT, APTT and FIB concentrations were measured using a microcoagulometer. D-dimer concentrations were determined using fluorescence immunoassay rapid quantitave test analyser. Subgroups were formed according to the number of cases and the distribution of vector-borne agent. Statistically significant decreased PLT count was found in dogs mono infected with ehrlichiosis compared to healthy dogs (P < 0.001). Changes in mean PT value in the studied animals did not show statistically significant differences among the groups (P > 0.05). APTT values in the ehrlichiosis mono infection group were significantly higher than that of the healthy control (P < 0.01). A significant increase in FIB levels were detected for ehrlichiosis mono infection and ehrlichiosis -leishmaniosis co infection versus healthy control (P < 0.001). Plasma D-dimer concentrations were found to be higher in all groups infected with vector borne diseases compared to healthy group (P < 0.001) and the differences between infected groups were not statistically significant. Discussion: Bleeding disorders such as epistaxis, haematuria and haemorrhagic diarrhoea has been reported in dogs with vector-borne diseases. These disorders represent the main cause of death in dogs. In the present study, thrombocytopenia was observed in dogs mono infected with ehrlichiosis compared to healthy. This finding is in agreement with those reported in dogs with ehrlichiosis. Plasma FIB is one of the most important factors in the coagulation cascade. In the present study, a significant difference between dogs with ehrlichiosis mono infection and ehrlichiosis -leishmaniosis co infection versus healthy controls group was observed. PT and APTT are commonly used in evaluating dogs with bleeding tendencies. In the present study, a significant differenc...

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A molecular epidemiological survey of <i>Babesia</i>, <i>Hepatozoon</i>, <i>Ehrlichia</i> and <i>Anaplasma</i> infections of dogs in Japan

Cited by 22 publications

References 19 publications

Molecular characterization of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia in ixodid ticks and reservoir hosts from Palestine: a pilot survey

Molecular characterization of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia in ixodid ticks and reservoir hosts from Palestine: a pilot survey

Anaplasma species of veterinary importance in Japan

Interpretation of Coagulation Tendency Contributing to Thrombosis in Vector-Borne Diseases (Ehrlichiosis, Anaplasmosis, Leishmaniosis, and Dirofilariasis) among Dogs

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