A molecular insight into the lipid changes of pig Longissimus thoracis muscle following dietary supplementation with functional ingredients

Abstract

In this work, the Longissimus thoracis pig skeletal muscle was used as a model to investigate the impact of two different diets, supplemented with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids from extruded linseed (L) and polyphenols from grape skin and oregano extracts (L+P), on the lipidomic profile of meat. A standard diet for growing-finishing pigs (CTRL) was used as a control. Changes in lipids profile were investigated through an untargeted lipidomics and transcriptomics combined investigation. The lipidomics identified 1507 compounds, with 195 compounds fitting with the MS/MS spectra of LipidBlast database. When compared with the CTRL group, the L+P diet significantly increased 15 glycerophospholipids and 8 sphingolipids, while the L diet determined a marked up-accumulation of glycerolipids. According to the correlations outlined between discriminant lipids and genes, the L diet may act preventing adipogenesis and the related inflammation processes, while the L+P diet promoted the expression of genes involved in lipids’ biosynthesis and adipogenic extracellular matrix formation and functioning.

Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis for Fatty Acid Assessment of Backfat in Three Pig Breeds

“…Piasentier et al used smaller dataset sizes that averaged 24-50 individuals in each group, where diet effect on the lard composition was weighted using the PCs scores as covariates in a tri-factorial (genotype, carcass leanness, sex) covariance design (Piasentier et al, 2009). Rocchetti et al investigated the impact of different diets on the lipidomic profile of pork using 36 animals and applied both PCA and cluster analysis (Rocchetti et al, 2022). Petroman et al applied gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and PCA to evaluate the dissimilarity of Mangalitza lipid fractions in different layers of backfat with or without heat treatment (Petroman et al, 2021).…”

A Critical Overview of HPLC-MS-Based Lipidomics in Determining Triacylglycerol and Phospholipid in Foods

“…Numerous studies have reported the use of MS-based lipidomics for the identification and quantification of individual TAGs in animal-based foods. Rocchetti et al [76] employed MS-based lipidomics to monitor the alterations in lipid species in pigs fed two different diet supplements, n-3 fatty acids and polyphenols obtained from grape skin and oregano. They detected 1507 lipid molecules and 195 compounds matching the MS/MS spectra provided by the LipidBlast database, in which they found alterations in 32 TAG species when the pigs were fed two different diets.…”

Effects of Feeding Corn Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles on Muscle Quality Traits and Lipidomics Profiling of Finishing Pigs

“…Recently, lipidomics has been widely used in animal husbandry [11]. An increasing number of researchers have started to use lipidomics to identify the lipid composition of pork under different feeding strategies, such as the addition of vegetable oils [12], flaxseed [13], or microalgae [14] to diets, which are of great significance to identify the nutritional value of pork and investigate the effects of different lipids on metabolic regulation of the organism. Due to the influence of corn distillers dried grains with solubles on fatty acid composition and other aspects, we assumed that adding corn distillers dried grains with solubles to the diet could affect the composition and distribution of lipids in pork.…”