A molecular toolkit for population genetic investigations of the ash dieback pathogen <i>Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus</i>

Gross, Andrin; Grünig, Christoph R.; Queloz, Valentin; Holdenrieder, Ottmar

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0329.2011.00751.x

Cited by 52 publications

(58 citation statements)

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“…The two Hymenoscyphus species may be distinguished due to the presence of a specific microsatellite locus and varied allele lengths (Gross et al. ). In contrast to H. albidus, pathogenic properties of H. pseudoalbidus (Bakys et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic Variability of Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus on Ash Leaf Rachises in Leaf Litter of Forest Stands in Poland

Kraj

Kowalski

2013

Journal of Phytopathology

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Two hundred and thirty cultures of Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus were obtained from ascospores created in apothecia on the previous years' ash leaf rachises in the stand floor. Fruiting bodies of the pathogen were collected in four regions of Poland differing by geographical location, the altitude above sea level and climatic conditions. Isolates were identified based on the sequences of ribosomal DNA (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) and the calmodulin gene. Only the presence of H. pseudoalbidus was identified in the decaying ash stands in Poland; morphologically similar, saprotrophic species of H. albidus was absent. Intrapopulation and interpopulation genetic variability of isolates was determined based on 84 RAMS markers obtained using four primers. Genetic variability of the fungus populations, measured by the Dice coefficient of genetic similarity and the Shannon coefficient of genetic diversity, decreased along with a decrease in the location of isolate collection area above sea level. A significant dependency was shown between intrapopulation genetic variability of isolates and altitude of regions above sea level. The Mantel test excluded existence of dependence between geographical and genetic distance among populations (r = À0.038, P = 0.55). A significant correlation was found between the genetic distances of individuals within populations and locations above sea level. Based on PCA and geographical location of populations, it was shown that populations create four distinct groups. AMOVA showed that a majority of total genetic variability (65.80%) constitutes intrapopulation variability. Variability between populations was high (28.7%), and individual regions had a smallest influence (5.5%) on the level of total variability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, Gross et al. () ascertained great variability of pathogen isolates with the use of microsatellite markers. Zhao et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Variability of Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus on Ash Leaf Rachises in Leaf Litter of Forest Stands in Poland

Kraj

Kowalski

2013

Journal of Phytopathology

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“…Genetic analyses will be instrumental in devising strategies to cope with an increased pressure from established and new diseases as a result of better suitability of the climatic conditions and/or more intense and farreaching trade (Bawa and Dayanandan 1998;Archie et al 2008;Jombart et al 2011). For example, there is genetic evidence that some ash trees (Fraxinus excelsior) in Denmark are resistant against the emerging fungal pathogen Chalara fraxinea (McKinney et al 2011;Kjaer et al 2012), which is now reported to cause ash dieback throughout Europe, from Poland to France and from Sweden to Switzerland (Bengtsson et al 2012;Gross et al 2012). For this pathosystem, there are also data on the genetic variability of the pathogen in lowland vs. highland Poland (Kraj et al 2012) and in the Åland islands, mainland Finland, Estonia and Latvia (Rytkönen et al 2011).…”

Section: Interdisciplinarity Stakeholder Involvement and Trade-offsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of climate change on plant diseases—opinions and trends

et al. 2012

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There has been a remarkable scientific output on the topic of how climate change is likely to affect plant diseases. This overview addresses the need for review of this burgeoning literature by summarizing opinions of previous reviews and trends in recent studies on the impacts of climate change on plant health. Sudden Oak Death is used as an introductory case study: Californian forests could become even more susceptible to this emerging plant disease, if spring precipitations will be accompanied by warmer temperatures, although climate shifts may also affect the current synchronicity between host cambium activity and pathogen colonization rate. A summary of observed and predicted climate changes, as well as of direct effects of climate change on pathosystems, is provided. Prediction and management of climate change effects on plant health are complicated by indirect effects and the interactions with global change drivers. Uncertainty in models of plant disease development under climate change calls for a diversity of management strategies, from more participatory approaches to interdisciplinary science. Involvement of stakeholders and scientists from outside plant pathology shows the importance of trade-offs, for example in the land-sharing vs. sparing debate. Further research is needed on climate change and plant health in mountain, boreal, Mediterranean and tropical regions, with multiple climate change factors and scenarios (including our responses to it, e.g. the assisted migration of plants), in relation to endophytes, viruses and mycorrhiza, using long-term and large-scale datasets and considering various plant disease control methods.Keywords Adaptive ecosystem management . Biotic interactions . Landscape pathology . Phytophthora ramorum . Plant disease epidemiology . Tree fungal pathogens Up to the 1990s, there was little information about climate change impacts on plant disease. For example, Eur J Plant Pathol

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“…The genetic variability between populations may provide information on the recent history and movement of the pathogens (Gross et al, 2012). Microsatellite analysis provided some insight into the spread of M. fijiensis in the country, despite the limited sample size.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virulence and genetic diversity among isolates of Mycosphaerella fijiensis in two regions of Brazil

Silva

Santos

Sousa³

et al. 2016

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. Black sigatoka, caused by the fungus Mycosphaerella fijiensis (anamorphic stage: Paracercospora fijiensis), was first detected in Brazil in early 1998 in the Benjamin Constant and Tabatinga municipalities in the State of Amazonas, near to where the borders of Brazil, Colombia, and Peru converge. Understanding how cultivars react to the pathogen, and characterizing the genetic variability of isolates from two distant and distinct banana-producing regions, are important for determining the virulence of M. fijiensis. In the present study, the genetic diversity of 22 M. fijiensis isolates was assessed using simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers, and their virulence was determined following inoculation on three different banana tree cultivars. All 22 isolates caused symptoms of the disease in the Maçã and Prata Comum cultivars 45 days after inoculation, and at least two virulence groups were identified for the Maçã and Prata Comum cultivars. For the D'Angola cultivars, two virulence groups were observed only after 60 days post-inoculation, and three of the isolates were not virulent. Using SSR markers, the isolates from two different regions of Brazil were placed into two genetic groups, both genetically distant from the Mf 138 isolate collected in Leticia, Colombia. There was no evidence of correlation between the virulence groups and the genetic diversity groups. These results demonstrate variability in virulence between isolates as measured by the severity of black sigatoka in the analyzed cultivars.

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A molecular toolkit for population genetic investigations of the ash dieback pathogen Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus

Cited by 52 publications

References 50 publications

Genetic Variability of Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus on Ash Leaf Rachises in Leaf Litter of Forest Stands in Poland

Genetic Variability of Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus on Ash Leaf Rachises in Leaf Litter of Forest Stands in Poland

Impacts of climate change on plant diseases—opinions and trends

Virulence and genetic diversity among isolates of Mycosphaerella fijiensis in two regions of Brazil

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