A Mono-2-Ethylhexyl Phthalate Hydrolase from a
            <i>Gordonia</i>
            sp. That Is Able To Dissimilate Di-2-Ethylhexyl Phthalate

Bacterial strain YC-RL4, capable of utilizing phthalic acid esters (PAEs) as the sole carbon source for growth, was isolated from petroleum-contaminated soil. Strain YC-RL4 was identified as Mycobacterium sp. by 16S rRNA gene analysis and Biolog tests. Mycobacterium sp. YC-RL4 could rapidly degrade dibutyl phthalate (DBP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), dimethyl phthalate (DMP), dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP), and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) under both individual and mixed conditions, and all the degradation rates were above 85.0 % within 5 days. The effects of environmental factors which might affect the degrading process were optimized as 30 °C and pH 8.0. The DEHP metabolites were detected by HPLC-MS and the degradation pathway was deduced tentatively. DEHP was transformed into phthalic acid (PA) via mono (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) and PA was further utilized for growth via benzoic acid (BA) degradation pathway. Cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) assays illuminated that the strain YC-RL4 was of higher hydrophobicity while grown on DEHP and CSH increased with the higher DEHP concentration. The degradation rates of DEHP by strain YC-RL4 in different environmental samples was around 62.0 to 83.3 % and strain YC-RL4 survived well in the soil sample. These results suggested that the strain YC-RL4 could be used as a potential and efficient PAE degrader for the bioremediation of contaminated sites.

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“…For example, Nishioka et al (2006) purified and characterized MEHP hydrolase from Gordonia sp. P8219, which could hydrolyze MEHP to PA.…”

Section: Identification Of Dehp Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of phthalic acid esters by a newly isolated Mycobacterium sp. YC-RL4 and the bioprocess with environmental samples

Ren

Yang

Nahurira

et al. 2016

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…The enzyme is either monomeric (molecular weight, 56 kDa) or dimeric (monomer molecular weight, 31 kDa or 27 kDa) [1,72]. The hydrolase from Gordonia species strain P8219 contained a pentapeptide motif GXSXG, a conserved sequence of serine hydrolase [72].…”

Section: Esterase/hydrolasementioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial degradation of phthalate isomers and their esters

Vamsee-Krishna

Phale

2008

Indian J Microbiol

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Phthalate isomers and their esters are used heavily in various industries. Excess use and leaching from the product pose them as major pollutants. These chemicals are toxic, teratogenic, mutagenic and carcinogenic in nature. Various aspects like toxicity, diversity in the aerobic bacterial degradation, enzymes and genetic organization of the metabolic pathways from various bacterial strains are reviewed here. Degradation of these esters proceeds by the action of esterases to form phthalate isomers, which are converted to dihydroxylated intermediates by specifi c and inducible phthalate isomer dioxygenases. Metabolic pathways of phthalate isomers converge at 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, which undergoes either ortho-or meta-ring cleavage and subsequently metabolized to the central carbon pathway intermediates. The genes involved in the degradation are arranged in operons present either on plasmid or chromosome or both, and induced by specifi c phthalate isomer. Understanding metabolic pathways, diversity and their genetic regulation may help in constructing bacterial strains through genetic engineering approach for effective bioremediation and environmental clean up.

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“…Much less has been reported on the PAEs degradation capability of Gordonia than of Rhodococcus (Chatterjee and Dutta 2003;Nishioka et al 2006). Nevertheless, six Gordonia strains were isolated from different geographical sites and each had a unique rep-PCR genotypic fingerprint (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Genetic diversity of phthalic acid esters-degrading bacteria isolated from different geographical regions of China

Liang

Dai

et al. 2009

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

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Thirty-two strains of phthalic acid ester (PAEs)-degrading bacteria were isolated from thirteen geographically diverse sites by enrichment using mixtures of PAEs as the sole source of carbon and energy. Sequence analyses of the 16S rRNA gene indicated that these isolates were from six genera (Arthrobacter, Gordonia, Rhodococcus, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, and Delftia). To evaluate the genetic diversity among them, the molecular typing method rep-PCR with primers based on enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus, repetitive extragenic palindromes, and BOXAIR sequences was performed. Strain-specific and unique genotypic fingerprints were distinguished for most of these isolates. In addition, utilization of various PAEs and the central intermediate phthalic acid by representative isolates suggested inter-isolate differences in the substrate utilization and degradation pathways. Furthermore, HPLC analysis showed that the rate of dimethyl phthalate degradation varied from 48.32 to 100% between strains. These results suggest a high level of genetic diversity among PAEs-degrading bacteria in the natural environment and their great potential to clean up phthalates-contaminated environments.

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A Mono-2-Ethylhexyl Phthalate Hydrolase from a Gordonia sp. That Is Able To Dissimilate Di-2-Ethylhexyl Phthalate

Cited by 86 publications

References 40 publications

Biodegradation of phthalic acid esters by a newly isolated Mycobacterium sp. YC-RL4 and the bioprocess with environmental samples

Biodegradation of phthalic acid esters by a newly isolated Mycobacterium sp. YC-RL4 and the bioprocess with environmental samples

Bacterial degradation of phthalate isomers and their esters

Genetic diversity of phthalic acid esters-degrading bacteria isolated from different geographical regions of China

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