A monogenean fish parasite, Gyrodactylus chileani n. sp., belonging to a novel marine species lineage found in the South-Eastern Pacific and the Mediterranean and North Seas

Abstract

Gyrodactyluschileani n. sp. is the first Gyrodactylus species reported from Chile. It is an ectoparasite living on fins and skin of a small fish, the Chilean tidal pond dweller Helcogrammoides chilensis (Cancino) (Perciformes: Tripterygiidae). A phylogenetic analysis based on 5.8S+ITS2 of rDNA placed the new species close to marine Gyrodactylus species found in Europe: G. orecchiae Paladini, Cable, Fioravanti, Faria, Cave & Shinn, 2009 on gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L. from the Adriatic and Tyrrhenian Sea fish farms (Perciformes: Sparidae), and an undescribed species on the black goby Gobius niger L. from the North Sea (Perciformes: Gobiidae). A morphological description of the latter species is unavailable. These geographically distant parasite samples on different host families form a new well supported Gyrodactylus orecchiae lineage. Using molecular phylogenetics, it is shown that the marine species groups of Gyrodactylus may have a worldwide distribution.

The first record of Gyrodactylus corleonis Paladini, Cable, Fioravanti, Faria & Shinn, 2010 (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) from the wild

“…It is also worth noting that among all known gyrodactylids, Gyrodactylus bubyri from Knipowitschia caucasica is the most morphologically similar to G. corleonis, G. neretum and G. pisculentus, all from Syngnathus spp. Moreover, in accordance with the phylogenetic relationships of marine gyrodactylids indicated by DNA analysis (Ziętara et al, 2012), Gyrodactylus spp. from sand gobies of the genera Knipowitschia Iljin, 1927 and Pomatoschistus Gill, 1863 are very close relatives of G. corleonis and two other species from syngnathids.…”

“…(Paladini et al, 2010). Moreover, a close phylogenetic relationship of G. corleonis with G. neretum and G. eyipayipi Vaughan, Christison, Hansen & Shinn, 2010 has been confirmed by comparison of rDNA sequences (Paladini et al, 2010;Ziętara et al, 2012). Furthermore, each of the six known gyrodactylid species from pipefish has previously been found on only one host species.…”

Pseudorhabdosynochusspecies (Monogenoidea, Diplectanidae) parasitizing groupers (Serranidae, Epinephelinae, Epinephelini) in the western Atlantic Ocean and adjacent waters, with descriptions of 13 new species

“…In what are primarily focused studies dealing with specific host groups or individual species of fish in the region, new species of Monogenoidea have frequently been described [ 21 , 24 , 27 , 43 , 47 , among others]. The monogenoidean fauna off western North and South America is even less documented, although a few studies, in which new species of Monogenoidea are described, have recently been published [ 15 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 41 , 60 , and others].…”

Problematic barcoding in flatworms: A case-study on monogeneans and rhabdocoels (Platyhelminthes)

“…As a consequence, these sequence fragments are often included in species descriptions (e.g. Huyse and Malmberg 2004 , García-Vásquez et al 2007 , 2011 , Paetow et al 2009 , Paladini et al 2009 , 2010 , 2011a , b , Přikrylová et al 2009a , b , 2012a , b , Rokicka et al 2009 , Vaughan et al 2010 , Schelkle et al 2011 , Vanhove et al 2011b , Ziętara et al 2012 , Řehulková et al 2013 ). This goes especially for representatives of Gyrodactylus von Nordmann, 1832.…”