A more complete accounting of greenhouse gas emissions and sequestration in urban landscapes

Page, Jessica; Kåresdotter, Elisie; Destouni, Georgia; Pan, Haozhi; Kalantari, Zahra

doi:10.1016/j.ancene.2021.100296

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Solely using technological solutions to sustainability challenges often result in problem shifting, cost shifting or rebound effects 38 . Preserving healthy ecosystem services and fostering pro-environmental human behavior through NbS implementation hold a great potential complementary goal to both technologies such as carbon capture and storage technologies (CCS) as well as previous nature-based carbon sequestration-oriented targets 7 . This will however require a much better understanding of behavioral aspects of NBS and of the socioeconomic, industrial, and cultural context of each city and the interactions with bio-physical factors.…”

Section: Discussion and Policy Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For local ecosystem services, we used the indicator for percentage of natural and semi-natural areas as potential GI from the ESPON GRETA report 44 . In particular, the ecosystem service of carbon sequestration potential of vegetation was identi ed using Corine Land Cover (CLC) data from 2018, by assigning each vegetative land cover category a sequestration potential based on the empirical parameters provided by Page et al (2021) 7 . The conditions used for determination of each NbS approach are described in Supplementary Table 1, while their application sites are illustrated in Fig.…”

Section: Spatial Allocation Of Nbs Implementationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In terms of reducing carbon emissions, most attention has been paid to the direct effects, i.e., carbon sequestration in vegetation and soil 5 and wetlands 6 . Nonetheless, it is argued that carbon sequestration can only offset a limited proportion of total anthropogenic carbon emissions, especially in urban settings 7 . To understand the full climate-neutrality potential of NbS, comprehensive impacts should be estimated and quanti ed, including direct and indirect impacts on social and economic systems 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential contribution of prioritized spatial allocation of nature-based solutions to climate neutrality in major EU cities

Pan

Page

Shi

et al. 2023

Preprint

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We assessed the mitigation potential of nature-based solutions (NbS) within commonly overlooked pathways, including human behavioral interventions and resource savings, in addition to the well-understood carbon sequestration area. We found that general NbS implementation in the residential, transport, and industrial sectors of European cities can reduce urban carbon emissions by up to 25%. Based on spatial patterns of carbon emissions and the local context of each city, we then prioritized spatial allocation of different types of NbS implementations within 54 major EU cities, in order to maximize the carbon emissions reduction potential. We found that prioritized NbS could reduce human activity-related carbon emissions by on average 17.4% for all cities, with 8.1%, 14.0%, and 9.6% reduction in the residential, industrial, and transport sector, respectively, while 5.6% of the remaining carbon emissions could be captured by carbon sequestration. Projections to 2030 showed that prioritized NbS implementations on all available land parcels in the RCP 1.9 scenario would reduce total carbon emissions by on average 62.5% (95% CI: 47.9–66.7%) compared with the baseline scenario, with NbS capturing 22.0% marginal emissions and sequestration capturing 13.3%. Some pioneering cities climate action are projected to be very close to achieve carbon neutrality by 2030 while 3 cities can realize the goal. For carbon neutrality, cities therefore need to co-integrate indirect (human behaviors and resource saving) and direct (sequestration) contributions of NbS into aggressive climate action plans.

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Section: Discussion and Policy Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spatial Allocation Of Nbs Implementationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential contribution of prioritized spatial allocation of nature-based solutions to climate neutrality in major EU cities

Pan

Page

Shi

et al. 2023

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…The size of a green space is closely related to the carbon sink capacity of vegetation. It has been reported that controlling the expansion of construction land and maintaining or enhancing the area of existing green spaces can preserve or enhance vegetation's carbon sink capacity effectively [15,16]. Moreover, land use can have long-term effects on soil organic carbon storage (SOCS) [17].…”

Section: Effects Of Spatial Planning On the Natural Carbon Sink Capacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions of Natural Carbon Sink Capacity and Carbon Neutrality in the Context of Net-Zero Carbon Cities: A Case Study of Hangzhou

Fan

Fang

2022

Sustainability

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Facing the global climate change crisis, many cities have proposed the goal to achieve net-zero carbon cities. The natural carbon sink in urban space is indispensable for net-zero carbon cities, but the existing measurement system has shortcomings in the measurement elements and precision. This leads to unclear control objectives and elements of spatial planning, and the relevant planning strategies lack the support of quantitative results. We included the often-ignored natural carbon sink space and soil in the measurement scope. Taking Hangzhou as an example, we built a natural carbon sink capacity measurement system with respect to the carbon sequestration and storage capacity, measured the natural carbon sink, and evaluated its carbon neutrality’s contribution in urban space. The results showed that the carbon sink capacity of soil and small green spaces in built-up areas could affect the quantity and spatial pattern of the measurement results. Both should be included in the measurement system to improve corresponding spatial planning strategies’ reliability and feasibility. Additionally, Hangzhou’s annual natural carbon sequestration offset approximately 9.87% of the carbon emissions in the same year. With respect to the contribution to carbon neutrality, the role of natural carbon sinks in urban space was necessary, but the effect was limited. Therefore, strategies to reduce carbon emissions are integral for the net-zero carbon goal. Some spatial planning strategies to improve the urban natural carbon sink capacity are discussed. A more precise and comprehensive understanding of the urban natural carbon sink capacity can support the construction of a net-zero carbon city better.

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“…It results from the growing proportion of the national population of a country moving to live in urban areas, which demands an increase in electrical power demand, water, and fuel consumption. These demands are reflected in an increase in greenhouse gas emissions that causes environmental degradation [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Vortex Systems as a Method to Weakening the Urban Heat Islands within the Financial District in Large Cities

2021

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This paper presents a new concept called the urban vortex system (UVS). The UVS couples a vortex generator (V.G.) that produces updraft by artificial vortex and a vortex stability zone (VSZ) consisting of an assembly of four buildings acting as a chimney. Through this system, a stable, upward vortex flow can be generated. The Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) simulation was carried out to investigate the flow field in the UVS. The Renormalized Group (RNG) k–ε turbulent model was selected to solve the complex turbulent flow. Validation of the numerical results was achieved by making a comparison with the large-size experimental model. The results reported that a steady-state vortex could be formed when a vapor-air mixture at 2 m/s and 450 K enters the vortex generator. This vortex presented a maximum negative central pressure of −6.81 Pa and a maximum velocity of 5.47 (m/s). Finally, the similarity method found four dimensionless parameters, which allowed all the flow characteristics to be transported on a large scale. The proposed large-scale UVS application is predicted to be capable, with have a maximum power of 2 M.W., a specific work of 3 kJ/kg, buildings 200-m high, and the ability to generate winds of 6.1 m/s (20 km/h) at 200 m up to winds of 1.5 m/s (5 km/h) at 400 m. These winds would cause the rupture of the gas capsule of the heat island phenomenon. Therefore, the city would balance its temperature with that of the surrounding rural areas.

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A more complete accounting of greenhouse gas emissions and sequestration in urban landscapes

Cited by 13 publications

References 57 publications

Potential contribution of prioritized spatial allocation of nature-based solutions to climate neutrality in major EU cities

Potential contribution of prioritized spatial allocation of nature-based solutions to climate neutrality in major EU cities

Contributions of Natural Carbon Sink Capacity and Carbon Neutrality in the Context of Net-Zero Carbon Cities: A Case Study of Hangzhou

Study of Vortex Systems as a Method to Weakening the Urban Heat Islands within the Financial District in Large Cities

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