A More General N-Way Hybrid Power Divider (Correspondence)

Taub, J.J.; Kurpis, G.P.

doi:10.1109/tmtt.1969.1126986

Cited by 26 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…For an N-way WPD, the above even-odd mode analysis can be used after reducing the N-way WPD to its equivalent 2-way model similar to the analysis of equal split N-way divider presented in [1,2]. In this equivalent 2-way model, the first branch represents the nth-branch and the second branch represents the combination of the remaining N − 1 branches.…”

Section: Design Of N-way Single-frequency Unequal Split Wpdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…60 Ω and l 2 = l 3 = λ/4, where R L2 and R L3 represent ports 3 and 4 impedances, respectively. Using the above parameters, a microstrip 3-way WPD is designed and simulated using Ansoft Designer [2]. FR-4 substrate with ε r = 4.4 and height h = 1.5 mm is used.…”

Section: Design Of N-way Single-frequency Unequal Split Wpdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this paper, a simple technique is used to design N-way multi-frequency unequal split Wilkinson power dividers (WPDs). The proposed technique is based on the equivalent 2-way model [1,2]. This model is analyzed using the even-odd mode analysis [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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General Design of N-Way Multi-Frequency Unequal Split Wilkinson Power Divider Using Transmission Line Transformers

Qaroot¹,

Dib

2010

PIER C

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In this paper, a new N-way multi-frequency unequal split Wilkinson power divider (WPD) is proposed. The dividers are composed of multi-section transmission line transformers (TLT) and isolation resistors, which provide high isolation and very good input/output ports matching simultaneously at arbitrary design frequencies. To verify the validity of the design, several multi-frequency power dividers are designed and simulated. Specifically, a 3-way unequal split dual-frequency WPD operating at 900 and 1800 MHz, a 3-way unequal split triple-frequency WPD operating at 1, 2, 3 GHz, and a 4-way equal split quad-frequency WPD operating at 1, 2, 3, 4 GHz, are designed.

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Section: Design Of N-way Single-frequency Unequal Split Wpdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Design Of N-way Single-frequency Unequal Split Wpdmentioning

confidence: 99%

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General Design of N-Way Multi-Frequency Unequal Split Wilkinson Power Divider Using Transmission Line Transformers

Qaroot¹,

Dib

2010

PIER C

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“…10.16, the TL characteristic impedance and the balancing resistance become [41][42][43][44]: Figure 10.14 Equivalent N-way Wilkinson divider (combiner). 10.16, the TL characteristic impedance and the balancing resistance become [41][42][43][44]: Figure 10.14 Equivalent N-way Wilkinson divider (combiner).…”

Section: Wilkinson Combinermentioning

confidence: 99%

Power Combining

general

2009

High Efficiency RF and Microwave Solid State Power Amplifiers

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Power amplifiers are employed in a variety of system applications, where the required power levels are largely different, varying from mW to kW [1,2]. Consequently, a wide variety of PA realizations results, from travelling-wave tube amplifiers in very high power systems [3,4], in satellite payloads or radars, to solid-state amplifiers for medium-low power systems [5,6], such as wireless communication handsets. The request for high output power levels is influencing device technologies adopted for PA module realization [7,8]. Prior to the development of solid state devices, microwave power amplification and generation were mainly based on the use of vacuum tubes [9, 10], including magnetron, klystron and travelling-wave implementations (TWTAs) [4,11]. These devices still remain in use at kilowatt levels, where solid-state devices cannot compete so far.Nevertheless, the development of high power microwave solid-state device technologies (GaAs HEMT or HBT, GaN HEMT, etc.) may offer an order-of-magnitude improvement in reliability and reduction in size, weight, and low-voltage power-supply requirements as compared to vacuum devices. However, the output power attainable from a single solid-state device is basically limited by thermal and impedance matching problems. To meet system requirements it is therefore mandatory to combine several devices, thus attaining higher power levels. Many power splitting/combining schemes have been investigated and developed, involving different technologies and propagation media, ranging from metal waveguides (cavities, microstrips, striplines, etc.) where the power is confined into a limited region, to open space configurations [12][13][14].Devices involved in power splitting/combining operations are referred to as power splitters/ combiners and they play a key role in the design of high power PA, while being also fundamental components in designing mixers [15], multipliers and oscillators [16,17], or other linear and nonlinear circuits [18]. Moreover, since the proposed schemes can often be adopted for both the tasks of power division and combination, the terms power combining and power splitting are usually adopted simultaneously or interchangeably. Due to their intrinsic reciprocal characteristic in fact, the same device can alternatively be viewed as a power combiner or as a power splitter, depending on the selection of its input and output ports.The key features of power splitting/combining devices are clearly their insertion loss (related to the efficiency), bandwidth and size. The techniques adopted for the optimization of device performance are strictly related to the type of splitting/combining structure and to the selected realization technology. High Efficiency RF and Microwave Solid State Power Amplifiers

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“…Especially, the demand for higher solid-state power amplifiers and the output power limitation of individual solid-state devices have increased the need for multi-port combiners with high combining efficiency. But, the use of popular N-way power combiners, such as the standard Wilkinson's combiner [2] or its modified schemes [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13], to obtain N times of the output power of individual amplifier results in "the graceful degradation" [14,15] in the failure modes of one or more amplifiers in a power combining circuit or system. The graceful degradation refers to the fact that the output power is reduced but not completely lost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New N-way Hybrid Power Combiner to Improve the Graceful Degradation Performance

Eom¹

1994

ETRI J

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In this paper, a new N‐way hybrid power combiner for improving the graceful degradation performance has been proposed. The proposed combiner has been configured with two dummy transmission lines per each section, where each dummy transmission line has a different characteristic impedance, of the standard combiner. Under this proposed configuration, a detailed theoretical analysis has been performed to show the general function of a power combiner. When any M amplifiers among N identical amplifiers are suffering the failure mode in a power combining circuit or system, the graceful degradation performance has been improved due to the separation of a transmission line and an internal resistor in every failed section from the proposed combiner by simultaneously operating two shorting devices. Simulation results for all the items which can be measured from the proposed combiner with an eight‐way configuration have been presented.

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A More General N-Way Hybrid Power Divider (Correspondence)

Cited by 26 publications

References 4 publications

General Design of N-Way Multi-Frequency Unequal Split Wilkinson Power Divider Using Transmission Line Transformers

General Design of N-Way Multi-Frequency Unequal Split Wilkinson Power Divider Using Transmission Line Transformers

Power Combining

New N-way Hybrid Power Combiner to Improve the Graceful Degradation Performance

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