A Morphometric Study of the Endocrine and Exocrine Capillaries of the Pancreas

Henderson, John R.; Moss, M. C.

doi:10.1113/expphysiol.1985.sp002920

Cited by 146 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…These differences could be due to the different vascular beds serving these tissues. The pancreatic islets are highly vascularized, and the functional capacity of this endothelium may differ from that of other vascular beds (47). Finally, it is theoretically possible that lymphocytes may be recruited by an as yet unidentified mechanism driven by CCL21 presented in the surface of the endothelium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ectopic Expression of the Murine Chemokines CCL21a and CCL21b Induces the Formation of Lymph Node-Like Structures in Pancreas, But Not Skin, of Transgenic Mice

Chen¹,

Vassileva²,

Kinsley³

et al. 2002

The Journal of Immunology

182

155

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The CC chemokine CCL21 is a potent chemoattractant for lymphocytes and dendritic cells in vitro. In the murine genome there are multiple copies of CCL21 encoding two CCL21 proteins that differ from each other by one amino acid at position 65 (either a serine or leucine residue). In this report, we examine the expression pattern and biological activities of both forms of CCL21. We found that although both serine and leucine forms are expressed in most tissues examined, the former was the predominant form in lymphoid organs while the latter was predominantly expressed in nonlymphoid organs. When expressed in transgenic pancreas, both forms of CCL21 were capable of inducing the formation of lymph node-like structures composed primarily of T and B cells and a few dendritic cells. Induction of lymph node-like structures by these CCL21 proteins, however, could not be reproduced in every tissue. For instance, no lymphocyte recruitment or accumulation was observed when CCL21 was overexpressed in the skin. We conclude that both forms of CCL21 protein are biologically equivalent in promoting lymphocyte recruitment to the pancreas, and that their ability to induce the formation of lymph node-like structures is dependent on the tissues in which they are expressed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ectopic Expression of the Murine Chemokines CCL21a and CCL21b Induces the Formation of Lymph Node-Like Structures in Pancreas, But Not Skin, of Transgenic Mice

Chen¹,

Vassileva²,

Kinsley³

et al. 2002

The Journal of Immunology

182

155

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“…We developed an improved method for obtaining higher yields of islets of Langerhans from the pancreas by adapting a method used for isolating glomeruli from murine kidneys [19,20]. Since islets of Langerhans have a similar angioarchitecture to mouse glomeruli, the most plausible explanation for the trapping of iron oxide particles (70 nm) is that they form aggregates, which have a tendency to accumulate selectively in the smallest capillaries (5.27 micrometers) [23]. After collagenase digestion, the islets of Langerhans can be isolated with the help of magnetic retraction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable transplantation results of magnetically retracted islets: a novel method

et al. 2003

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Aims/hypothesis. Large quantities of pure viable donor islets are necessary for clinical transplantation. At present, low yields and low viability of pancreatic islets after transplantation necessitate the use of multiple donors for a single recipient. In this study an improved method for obtaining large quantities of pure viable islets of Langerhans for transplantation was developed in the rat. Methods. Islets of Langerhans were isolated from Albino Oxford rats. The donor pancreata were perfused in situ with iron oxide, which resulted in entrapment of iron particles in the capillaries of the islets. Subsequently, the islets were isolated by magnetic retraction. Islets obtained with this method were compared with islets obtained by density gradient-isolated islets with respect to yields, purity, and insulin production capacity. Islets isolated with the magnetic retraction method were transplanted under the renal capsule of streptozotocin-induced diabetic recipients. Blood-glucose levels in the recipients were monitored for 2 months after transplantation.Results. This method yielded more pure and viable islets than the conventional protocol. No contamination of exocrine tissue was observed after isolation. Furthermore, the islets isolated by magnetic retraction stained strongly positive for insulin during the entire observation period in vitro, and produced high amounts of insulin upon a challenge with glucose. The islets that were obtained by this new protocol were suitable for safe and effective transplantation. Conclusions/interpretation. We have shown that both the quantity and quality of islets obtained with this method were sufficient to induce insulin independence in a diabetic recipient using islets from only one donor. [Diabetologia (2004) 47:55-61]

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“…Strong green fluorescence surrounded the redstained islets of these animals (Left), in contrast to the weak green fluorescence in islet regions of age-matched, noninsulitic NOD-RAG Ϫ/Ϫ controls (Center) and the absence of autofluorescence in analogous regions of control, PBS-injected animals (Right). The weak fluorescence associated with normal islets can probably be attributed to a slight amount of leakage from the fenestrated islet microvasculature (21). Custom-designed image analysis software was used to integrate CMFN fluorescence in regions of interest (ROI) encompassing paraislet and extraislet areas of the pancreas images ( Fig.…”

Section: Ex Vivo Visualization Of Microvascular Leakage In the Bdc25mentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging inflammation of the pancreatic islets in type 1 diabetes

Denis

Mahmood²,

Benoist³

et al. 2004

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

172

151

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Type 1 diabetes is the clinical manifestation of aberrant leukocytic infiltration of the pancreatic islets; it is usually diagnosed only very late in disease progression, after the critical autoimmune phenomena have mostly played out. A noninvasive means of directly monitoring the evolution of islet infiltrates would have important research and clinical applications. We have exploited fluorescence and MRI of long-circulating magnetofluorescent nanoparticles to visualize microvascular leakage, as an indicator of inflammation, in pancreata of mouse models of type 1 diabetes ex vivo or in vivo. We could detect the onset and evolution of insulitis in vivo and in real time, permitting us to study the natural history of diabetes in individual animals.

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A Morphometric Study of the Endocrine and Exocrine Capillaries of the Pancreas

Cited by 146 publications

References 16 publications

Ectopic Expression of the Murine Chemokines CCL21a and CCL21b Induces the Formation of Lymph Node-Like Structures in Pancreas, But Not Skin, of Transgenic Mice

Ectopic Expression of the Murine Chemokines CCL21a and CCL21b Induces the Formation of Lymph Node-Like Structures in Pancreas, But Not Skin, of Transgenic Mice

Stable transplantation results of magnetically retracted islets: a novel method

Imaging inflammation of the pancreatic islets in type 1 diabetes

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