“…The research explored the integration of this theoretical framework into the context of healthcare DM, suggesting potential advancements in medical diagnostic processes through the utilization of q -rung orthopair structures. Mao et al [25] introduced PLTS to capture the fuzziness and unpredictability of choice information, along with a model for determining subjective and objective weights of criteria. Ma et al [24] addressed app evaluation in a PL setting using an integrated MADM method.…”