A multi-criteria water quality evaluation for human consumption, irrigation and industrial purposes in Umunya area, southeastern Nigeria

Egbueri, Johnbosco C.; Mgbenu, Chukwuma N.; Digwo, Daniel C.; Nnyigide, Chibuzo S.

doi:10.1080/03067319.2021.1907360

Cited by 51 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Pollution index of the spring water (PIS) (ΣOw) and the overall water quality (Ow) This is similar to the result obtained byEgbueri et al (2021) in underground water in Umunya area, Southeastern Nigeria. The high pollution index during the rainy season was attributed to Pb.…”

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confidence: 81%

“…Also, water with pH value above the range of 6.5-8.5 is termed secondary contaminant according to US EPA (2022). Consumption of acidic water may expose humans to some negative health effects (Egbueri et al 2021). For example, there is an increased dissolution and absorption of heavy metals in human body under acidic conditions, thereby leading to bioavailability and bioaccumulation of heavy metals in the human system.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A multi-criteria approach to drinking and irrigation water assessment of spring water in Igbo-Etiti, Nigeria

et al. 2022

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The study aimed at assessing the spring water within Igbo-Etiti, Nigeria, for drinking and irrigation applications using physicochemical parameters, water quality index, mineral and trace elements, pollution indices, and risk assessment. Standard methods were used to determine the physicochemical properties of the spring water in rainy and dry seasons. Trace metals such as Pb, Cd, Zn and Cu were determined with atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results showed that most of the physicochemical properties studied were within the guideline values set by Nigeria Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ), WHO and US EPA for drinking water purposes. However, pH of all the spring water (4.27–4.73; and 4.95–5.73) for dry and rainy seasons, respectively, were slightly acidic. Lead (Pb) (0.01–1.08 mg/L) and cadmium (Cd) (0.01–0.15 mg/L) concentrations were above the guideline values in both seasons. This could be attributed to the lithology of the study area which is Nsukka FORMATION. Leaching of lead and sulphides from the embedded coal deposits could be responsible for the increased lead levels and made the water acidic. The mineral and trace elements examined were within WHO and NSDWQ limits for drinking water except Cd and Pb. The permeability index and other irrigation indices showed that all the spring water was suitable for irrigation purposes. The pollution index suggested that the pollution level of all the samples in the dry season was insignificant (PIS < 1). Two-way ANOVA showed significant differences in most of the parameters studied in the dry and rainy seasons. Pearson correlation analysis and cluster analysis showed strong significant positive and negative correlations in some of the parameters studied in both seasons. The water quality index showed that none of the spring water had excellent water status. However, one spring (Iyi Ase) had poor water status in dry season and is considered unsafe for drinking. Iyi Ase was also considered not suitable for irrigation application as predicted by most of the pollution indices, while others were generally considered suitable for irrigation application. Probable cancer and non-cancer risk assessment revealed a probable risk associated with the consumption of the spring in Igbo-Ettiti area, Nigeria.

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confidence: 81%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multi-criteria approach to drinking and irrigation water assessment of spring water in Igbo-Etiti, Nigeria

et al. 2022

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“…Range = Permissible limit (PL) − Desirable limit (DL) (11) The calculation for modi ed permissible limits (MPL)…”

Section: Integrated Water Quality Index (Iwqi)mentioning

confidence: 99%

An integrated indexical approach in assessing water quality for drinking purposes in the Nkalagu area, southeastern, Nigeria

Onwe

Chinanu

Amah

et al. 2022

Preprint

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In this study, water supplies for the two distinct climatic seasons; wet and dry seasons were evaluated. This was carried out to determine the degree of contamination and whether the water supplies were safe for human consumption. In light of this, four water quality indices; the vector modulus of pollution index (PIvector), entropy-weighted water quality index (EWQI), integrated water quality index (IWQI), and modified water quality index (MWQI) were integrated. Based on the results, the pH of the analyzed water samples varied from 6.02 to 7.92 with a mean value of 7.2 during the wet season and from 5.25 to 8.25 with a mean value of 6.82 during the dry season. A generic quality assessment study revealed that Pb, As, during the wet season and Pb, As, and Mn during the dry season has the greatest effects on the region's water supplies. According to the indices, PIvector classified approximately 71.43% of the water during the wet season as unpolluted and 28.57% as polluted, and 37.14% of the water during the dry season as unpolluted and 62.86% as polluted. Similarly, the EWQI classified 65.71% as safe water and 34.28% as unfit for human consumption during the wet season, whereas, 34.28% and 65.72% as safe and unfit respectively for the dry season. According to IWQI, during the wet season, 25.7% of the water is considered acceptable for drinking, while 74.3% is unsafe, and during the dry season, 14.85% is acceptable and 85.15% is unsafe. The MWQI results indicated that the water samples for the wet season were classed as "fair" water suggesting they are occasionally threatened while, for the dry season as “marginal” water indicating they are frequently threatened. Summarily, the results show that the water resources are safer and less contaminated in the wet season than in the dry season, which is attributed to the impact of rainfall, which reduces the mobility of contaminants, as well as the influence of vegetation cover.

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“…One way to classify water quality in agriculture is to use the Wilcox or USSL diagram. The USSL diagram is created by plotting the sodium and salinity line, leading to 16 different classes that evaluate water suitability for irrigation (Egbueri et al 2021). In this diagram, water quality groups are classified into four categories (high, medium, poor, and very poor) (Wilcox 1948).…”

Section: Graphical Abstract Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The USSL diagram was also used to assess multi-criteria water quality for human, irrigation, and industrial purposes in the Omonia region, as examined by Egbueri et al (2021). In this study, 73.33% of the samples were drawn below the C1S1 zone (risks of low salinity and low sodium), while 13.33% were drawn below the zone C1S2 (risks of low salinity and moderate sodium).…”

Section: Graphical Abstract Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater quality status based on a modification of water quality index in an arid area, Iran

et al. 2022

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Increasing population, high demand for food, and uncontrolled abstraction of aquifers have severely affected the water quality. This study aimed to evaluate the water quality of 17 deep agricultural wells in Bahabad plain from the perspective of irrigation and drinking. In order to determine the water quality of wells and analyze the water quality index (WQI), a set of statistical methods such as Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and TOPSIS were used. WQI is considered one of the primary methods for assessing drinking water quality. Still, due to the discrepancy between the results and the WQI(WHO), it was decided to modify the WQI method. The integrated use of FAHP-WQI and the TOPSIS method led to significant changes in the grading and the classification of water wells. The results showed that these two methods combined could be used as a good and complementary technique to eliminate ranking inconsistencies by WQI. Combining WQI results with GIS also allows for a deeper analysis of drinking water quality. The results showed that most of the water quality problems are due to wells in the northern region of the plain, and more than 41% of wells in this region are not in good condition.

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A multi-criteria water quality evaluation for human consumption, irrigation and industrial purposes in Umunya area, southeastern Nigeria

Cited by 51 publications

References 53 publications

A multi-criteria approach to drinking and irrigation water assessment of spring water in Igbo-Etiti, Nigeria

A multi-criteria approach to drinking and irrigation water assessment of spring water in Igbo-Etiti, Nigeria

An integrated indexical approach in assessing water quality for drinking purposes in the Nkalagu area, southeastern, Nigeria

Groundwater quality status based on a modification of water quality index in an arid area, Iran

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