A multi‐dimensional analysis of cue‐elicited craving in heavy smokers and tobacco chippers

Sayette, Michael A.; Martin, Christopher S.; Wertz, Joan M.; Shiffman, Saul; Perrott, Michael A.

doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.2001.961014196.x

Cited by 146 publications

(219 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This finding is consistent with some other studies (e.g., Rohsenow et al, 2007;Tidey et al, 2005). A methodological concern that has been raised about smoking cuereactivity paradigms is that smoking deprivation alone may raise craving to levels where the cue-reactivity effects are no longer noticeable due to ceiling effects, possibly explaining why weaker reactivity effects have been observed when participants are nicotine deprived as compared to non-deprived (e.g., Sayette et al, 2001;Tidey et al, 2005). However, 10 hours of smoking deprivation in the present study did not obscure cue-reactivity effects in these participants: prior to cue exposure, levels of urge were only moderately high and ratings of withdrawal were low.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Effects of repeated days of smoking cue exposure on urge to smoke and physiological reactivity

Miranda

Rohsenow

Monti

et al. 2008

Addictive Behaviors

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The present study investigated the effects of repeated days of laboratory-based smoking cue exposure on subjective and physiologic cue reactivity. Twenty non-treatment seeking moderate/heavy smokers completed three laboratory sessions approximately 7 days apart, each following a 10-hour nicotine deprivation period. Cue reactivity procedures consisted of a relaxation trial followed by two trials of in vivo cue exposure. Dependent measures included urge to smoke, a withdrawal questionnaire, mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate (HR). A Condition (relaxation vs. cue exposure) by Day (1, 2, or 3) analysis of variance revealed a significant main effect of Condition (greater urge to smoke after cue exposure) but no significant main or interaction effect for Day. Similarly, MAP and HR change scores following cue exposure did not differ across test days. Cue-elicited changes in withdrawal symptoms were only observed on Day 1, but not when the interday interval was covaried. Results suggest that laboratory-based cue-elicited changes in urge to smoke, MAP, and HR are stable over three separate days.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Effects of repeated days of smoking cue exposure on urge to smoke and physiological reactivity

Miranda

Rohsenow

Monti

et al. 2008

Addictive Behaviors

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“…Practicing this strategy during short periods of abstinence, along with increasing daily physical activity, could promote greater pre-quit urge management skills and reduce quit day, abstinenceinduced cue reactivity.. 5 Nicotine withdrawal was a significant predictor of reactivity with greater withdrawal symptoms associated with increased quit day smoking cue reactivity. This finding is also consistent with the literature indicating that overnight abstinence can increase reactivity to smoking-related cues [64,65]. The nicotine withdrawal syndrome [66] that includes irritability, difficulty concentrating, and restlessness are observed within …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

A telephone-based intervention to promote physical activity during smoking cessation: a randomized controlled proof-of-concept study

Nair

Patterson

Rodriguez

et al. 2016

Behav. Med. Pract. Policy Res.

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Smoking and physical inactivity contribute to disproportionate disease burden among underserved adults. Telephone-based interventions (quitlines) are becoming the standard care for addressing smoking. There is increasing interest to determine whether quitlines can be utilized to administer interventions for other unhealthy behaviors. This study aims to examine the proof-ofconcept and potential efficacy of a telephone-based behavioral counseling intervention to boost daily low-tomoderate physical activity among low-income, physically inactive smokers. Participants (N = 101) were randomized to receive 4 weeks of counseling prior to their smoking quit day that included either standard smoking cessation counseling (control) or the Step-up to Quit (SUTQ) intervention. SUTQ promoted daily walking to foster physical activity as a primary smoking urge management strategy and facilitate incremental increases in daily steps with the goal of achieving 7500 steps/day by the quit day in week 4. Exploratory structural equation modeling tested SUTQ effects on six measures of low-tomoderate physical activity (primary outcome) and smoking cue reactivity (secondary outcome) simultaneously in a single multivariate model with controlling variables. The sample was 51 % female and 77 % AfricanAmerican, with a mean age of 42.1 years (SD = 10.9). Compared to the control condition, SUTQ intervention was associated with greater physical activity at week 4 (b = 0.51, z = 1.71, p = 0.08), with between-group differences sustained at follow-up. At week 4, the SUTQ group had higher 7-day mean steps/day (M = 7,207.25, SD = 4,276.03) than controls (M = 3,947.03, SD = 3,655.03) (t = 3.35; p < .01); and had more participants reach the >7500 steps/day goal (49% vs. 11 %, c2 = 10.78; p < .01), a difference that was sustained at 1-month follow-up (X2 = 9.04, p < .01) Effects of SUTQ treatment on cue reactivity were in the hypothesized direction but not significant (b = −0.29; z = −1.09, p = 0.27). To our knowledge, this is the first study to promote physical activity using telephone counseling in an underserved population of smokers known to have greater challenges with physical activity adoption and smoking cessation. The SUTQ approach suggests that integration of physical activity advice and support within the context of smoking cessation treatment has the potential to promote physical activity among smokers intending to quit. KeywordsPhysical activity, Smoking cue reactivity, Telephonebased counseling, Low-income smokers BACKGROUND Telephone-based smoking cessation services, or quitlines, have become important components of comprehensive tobacco control and cessation

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“…Interventions that reduce RT attentional bias have yet to be identified. Second, attentional bias may provide an additional index of smoking motivation, which could facilitate the derivation of multivariate measures of this construct (Sayette, Martin, Wertz, Shiffman, & Perrott, 2001). Third, the Stroop task may provide a tool for testing theories of addiction (e.g., the incentive sensitization theory).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attentional bias predicts outcome in smoking cessation.

et al. 2003

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Most attempts to quit smoking end in failure, with many quitters relapsing in the first few days. Responses to smoking-related cues may precipitate relapse. A modified emotional Stroop taskwhich measures the extent to which smoking-related words disrupt performance on a reaction time (RT) task-was used to index the distracting effects of smoking-related cues. Smokers (N = 158) randomized to a high-dose nicotine patch (35 mg) or placebo patch completed the Stroop task on the 1st day of a quit attempt. Smokers using an active patch exhibited less attentional bias, making fewer errors on smoking-related words. Smokers who showed greater attentional bias (slowed RT on the first block of smoking words) were significantly more likely to lapse in the short-term, even when controlling for self-reported urges at the test session. Attentional bias measures may tap an important component of dependence.Keywords attentional bias; emotional Stroop; relapse; smoking cessation Most attempts to quit smoking end in failure. Less than 5% of smokers trying to quit on their own maintain abstinence for 12 months (Hughes et al., 1992;Ward, Klesges, Zbikowski, Bliss, & Garvey, 1997). In smoking-cessation clinics, typically only 20-25% of smokers are abstinent at 6 months, and fewer are abstinent at 12 months. Relapse to smoking is rapid as well as common, with many relapses occurring in the first few days (Garvey, Bliss, Hitchcock, Heinold, & Rosner, 1992;Hughes et al., 1992). Medications such as nicotine replacement and bupropion improve outcomes (Jorenby et al., 1999; Silagy, Mant, Fowler, & Lancaster, 2000), but even with treatment, the majority of cessation efforts end in failure. Therefore, it is important to understand the psychological processes that cause the rapid relapse to smoking in the first few days, so that more effective relapse-prevention interventions can be developed.It is unclear what psychological processes underlie early lapses to smoking. Nicotine withdrawal in acute abstinence has been suggested as a critical process enhancing motivation to smoke and lapses to smoking, but it has been hard to demonstrate a strong link between severity of withdrawal and outcome in smoking cessation (Hughes, Higgins, & Hatsukami, 1990;Patten & Martin 1996). Many theories of drug addiction assume that responses to drugrelated cues are critical in maintaining drug use (e.g., Niaura et al., 1988;Robinson & Berridge, 1993;Siegel, 1983;Stewart, de Wit, & Eikelbloom, 1984;Wikler, 1948). Research on the details of initial lapse episodes (e.g., Shiffman, Paty, Gnys, Kassel, & Hickcox, 1996) suggests that environmental stimuli and events play a substantial role in precipitating initial lapses, and when such a lapse occurs, complete relapse is nearly certain to follow: 85-90% of lapses lead NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript to relapse (e.g., Kenford et al., 1994). There have also been reports of associations between measures of cue reactivity and clinical outcome (Abrams, Monti, Carey, Pinto...

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A multi‐dimensional analysis of cue‐elicited craving in heavy smokers and tobacco chippers

Cited by 146 publications

References 34 publications

Effects of repeated days of smoking cue exposure on urge to smoke and physiological reactivity

Effects of repeated days of smoking cue exposure on urge to smoke and physiological reactivity

A telephone-based intervention to promote physical activity during smoking cessation: a randomized controlled proof-of-concept study

Attentional bias predicts outcome in smoking cessation.

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