A multi-layer control scheme for microgrid energy management

Cominesi, Stefano Raimondi; Bella, Alessio La; Farina, Marcello; Scattolini, Riccardo

doi:10.1016/j.ifacol.2016.10.700

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…As pointed out in [181], a fully-integrated MILP model problem accounting for uncertainties and reliability can be very hard to solve due to the number of variables and constraints. This justifies the use of modelpredictive control (or a multi-layer approach) to address both control and management of the microgrid.…”

Section: Model Predictive Control (Mpc) For Energy Management Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of the challenges of solar power integration in isolated industrial microgrids with reliability constraints

Polleux

Guérassimoff

Marmorat

et al. 2022

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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Reducing carbon emissions and electricity costs in industry is a major challenge to ensure competitiveness and compliance with new climate policies. Photovoltaic power offers a promising solution but also brings considerable uncertainties and risks that may endanger the continuity and quality of supply. From an operational point of view, large-scale integration of solar power could result in unmet demand, electrical instabilities and equipment damage. The performance and lifetime of conventional fossil equipment are likely to be altered by repeated transient operations, making it necessary to adopt specific modeling tools. Control strategies and sizing methodologies must be adapted to account for the strong reliability constraint while dealing with significant production uncertainties. In addition, conventional mitigation technologies, such as storage and load flexibility, have limited potential in these applications and may result in high investments or penalties if they are not properly assessed. This study provides an overview of these challenges by providing a transversal analysis of the scientific literature from fossil engine thermodynamics to control system theory applied to industrial systems. The main characteristics of reliability-constrained microgrids are identified and a conceptual definition is proposed by analyzing state-of-the art studies of various industrial applications and taking oil-and gas microgrids as an enlightening example. Then follows a review of the challenges of accounting for dynamical behavior of fossil equipment, PV and storage systems, ending with the identification of several research gaps. Finally, applicable control strategies and sizing techniques are presented.

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Section: Model Predictive Control (Mpc) For Energy Management Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of the challenges of solar power integration in isolated industrial microgrids with reliability constraints

Polleux

Guérassimoff

Marmorat

et al. 2022

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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“…A partial and popular solution consists in grouping generators, storages and loads in active small-scale grids, named MicroGrids (MGs), which can act as flexible energy consumers or providers, able to operate both when connected to the main grid and in isolated mode [1]- [3]. In grid-connected mode, the internal generation units are usually managed in order to maximize the MG profit coming from the external energy trade, see [4], [5], but, as the number of connected MGs increases, this selfish approach may cause serious problems at the grid level and soon also MGs, as well as smart buildings, will be required to provide external ancillary services, see [6]- [8]. One of the main services that can be offered to the utility grid is the provision of active power reserve that can be later used to compensate frequency deviations [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Aggregators for the Day-Ahead Management of Microgrids Providing Active and Reactive Power Services

Bella

Farina

Sandroni

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Contr. Syst. Technol.

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The increasing diffusion of distributed energy generation systems requires the development of new control paradigms for the coordination of micro-generators, storage systems, and loads aimed at maintaining the efficiency and the safe operability of the electricity network. MicroGrids (MGs) are an interesting way to locally manage groups of generation devices, but they cannot singularly provide a significant contribution to sustain the main electricity grid in terms of ancillary services, such as the availability of a minimum amount of power reserve for the frequency regulation. For these reasons, in this paper we propose a framework for the aggregation and coordination of interconnected MGs to provide ancillary services to the main utility. The proposed framework is structured in three main phases. In the first one, a distributed optimization algorithm computes the day-ahead profile of the active power production of the MGs based on the available forecasts of the renewable sources production and the loads absorption. In this phase, scalability of the optimization problem and confidentiality requirements are guaranteed. In the second phase, reactive power flows are scheduled and it is ensured that the active power trends planned in the first phase do not compromise the voltage/current limitations. A final third phase is used to schedule the active and reactive power profiles of the generation units of each MG to make them consistent with the requirements and results of the previous two phases. The developed method is used for control of the IEEE 13-bus system network and the results achieved are thoroughly discussed in terms of performance and scalability properties.

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“…In general, EMS, e.g. based on stochastic or mixed-integer optimization algorithms, utilize power balance equations and, in addition to their capability to consider operational constraints, provide optimal power set-points [13], [14], [15], [16]. When the primary layer is voltage controlled, the EMS power references need to be translated into suitable voltage references.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Supervisory Control Structure for Voltage-Controlled Islanded DC Microgrids

Bella

Ferrari-Trecate

2019

2019 IEEE 58th Conference on Decision and Control (CDC)

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In this work, we propose a supervisory control structure in islanded DC microgrids such that a well scheduled and balanced utilization of various resources is achieved. Our supervisory control layer rests on top of a voltage-controlled primary layer and comprises a secondary layer, which receives power references from an energy management system. The secondary layer translates these power into appropriate voltage references by solving an optimization problem. These references act as an input for the primary voltage controllers. We show that the unconstrained secondary optimization problem is always feasible. Moreover, since the voltages can only be enforced at the generator nodes, we provide a novel condition to guarantee the uniqueness of load voltages and power injection of the generation units. Indeed, in the absence of uniqueness, for fixed generator voltages, the load nodes and power injections may be different than planned. This can result in violation of operational limits causing damage to the connected loads. Moreover, this uniqueness condition can be verified at each load node by utilizing local load parameters, and does not require any information about microgrid topology. The functioning of the proposed architecture is tested via simulations.

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A multi-layer control scheme for microgrid energy management

Cited by 13 publications

References 5 publications

An overview of the challenges of solar power integration in isolated industrial microgrids with reliability constraints

An overview of the challenges of solar power integration in isolated industrial microgrids with reliability constraints

Design of Aggregators for the Day-Ahead Management of Microgrids Providing Active and Reactive Power Services

A Supervisory Control Structure for Voltage-Controlled Islanded DC Microgrids

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