“…The essence of this problem is to maximize or minimize one or more mathematical functions to solve the allocation scheme of public facilities resources, such as the locations of fire stations, hospitals, schools, and environmental monitoring stations, as well as reserve site selection (Church et al, 1996;Malcolma and Revelle, 2005;Murray, 2010;Tong and Murray, 2012). Approaches for such location modeling focus on the P-median location-allocation model (Church and Wang, 2020;Zaferanieh et al, 2022), the maximum minimization model (Wang and Zhang, 2012), the maximum coverage location problem (MCLP) (Atta et al, 2021;Taiwo, 2021), and continuous model of coverage problem (CMCP) (Yang et al, 2020;Blanco and Gaźquez, 2021). Based on the vertex weights and correction costs as independent uncertain variables (both side length and vertex weights are variable), Soltanpour et al (2020) proposed a model of an uncertain inverse P-median location problem to deal with tail values at risk targets and proved that it is a nondeterminism Polynomial(NP) problem; meanwhile, a hybrid PSO algorithm was proposed to obtain the approximate optimal solution of the proposed model.…”