A multi-radionuclide approach for in situ produced terrestrial cosmogenic nuclides: 10Be, 26Al, 36Cl and 41Ca from carbonate rocks

Mysterious abrupt carbon-14 increase in coral contributed by a comet

“…Comas are known to have percent levels of nitrogen by weight (in the forms of NH 3 , NH 2 , NH, etc) 21 22 , and are heavily exposed, as compared to nitrogen within the earth's atmosphere because of lacking a magnetic field protection 23 . Considering that meteorite usually has 14 C and 10 Be about two orders of magnitude higher than those of rocks from the Earth's surface 24 25 26 , it is reasonable to propose that coma and comet may be expected to have 14 C/ 12 C ratios several orders of magnitude higher than that of the Earth's atmosphere 23 . Generally, 14 C occurs in very low concentrations in the Earth's atmosphere, i.e., no more than one part per trillion of the total carbon content of the atmosphere 27 .…”

Applications of hydrogen as a collision and reaction cell gas for enhanced measurement capability applied to low level stable and radioactive isotope detection using ICP-MS/MS

“…As a result, alternative mass spectrometric techniques (accelerator (AMS) and resonance ionisation (RIMS) mass spectrometry) 33,34 and liquid scintillation counting (LSC) 35,36 have been effectively used, with detection limits in the 0.003 fg g À1 (1 Â 10 À8 Bq g À1 ) range and 41 Ca/ 40 Ca ratios detectable down to 10 À13 detectable. 37,38 Following on from the successful detection of 40 Ca by ICP-MS/MS in several studies, it was recently proven that the interference removal capabilities made 41 Ca detection feasible at 41 Ca/ 40 Ca ratios of 10 À6 and 10 À7 , with an instrument detection limit of 0.1 ng g À1 (0.3 Bq g À1 ). 27 The addition of H 2 to the cell improved the suppression of 40 Ar 1 H and 40 Ar interferences compared to using NH 3 alone, or indeed compared to any other single or mixed cell gas combination.…”

Plasma source mass spectrometry for radioactive waste characterisation in support of nuclear decommissioning: a review

“…The latter has led to interest in measurement in the elds of cosmochemistry and geomorphology, whilst the high bioavailability is of interest in biomedical tracing in the progress of bone disease. [135][136][137][138][139][140][141] Calcium-41 is present in reactor shield concrete, and is therefore a key radionuclide with regards to high-volume low and intermediate level waste originating from decommissioning, as well as in longterm monitoring of nuclear waste repositories. 140,[142][143][144] Decay of 41 Ca to 41 K ground state by electron capture emits low energy X-rays and Auger electrons (0.3-0.6 keV), and is therefore measurable by X-ray spectrometry or LSC.…”