A multiband SSr diode RF rectifier with an improved frequency ratio for biomedical wireless applications

Abstract

This paper described a four-band implantable RF rectifier with simplified circuit complexity. Each RF-rectifier cell is sequentially matched to the four operational frequencies to accomplish the proposed design. The proposed RF rectifier can harvest RF signals at 1.830, 2.100, and white space Wi-Fi bands between 2.38 to 2.68 GHz, respectively. At 2.100 GHz, the proposed RF harvester achieved a maximum (radio frequency direct current) RF-to-DC power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 73.00% and an output DC voltage $$V_{DC}$$ V DC of 1.61 V for an RF power of 2 dBm. The outdoor performance of the rectenna shows a $$V_{DC}$$ V DC of 0.440 V and drives a low-power bq25504-674 evaluation module (EVM) at 1.362 V. The dimension of the RF-rectifier on the FR-4 PCB board is 0.27$$\lambda _{g}$$ λ g $$\times$$ × 0.29$$\lambda _{g}$$ λ g . The RF-rectifier demonstrates the capacity to effectively utilize the frequency domain by employing multi-band operation and exhibiting a good impedance bandwidth through a sequential matching technique. Thus, by effectively controlling the rectenna’s ambient performance, the proposed design holds the potential for powering a range of low-power biomedical implantable devices. (BIDs).

A Hybrid Solar-RF Energy Harvesting System Based on an EM4325-Embedded RFID Tag

“…This feature helps extend the battery's lifespan and includes a reliable protective mechanism, thereby reducing the necessity for frequent maintenance. In contrast to the systems suggested in [29,30], which lack comprehensive protection features, the proposed design offers enhanced security.…”

“…Harvester DC Output PCE (%) [16] Dual-band inverted-F antenna GSM 900 and GSM 1800 0.747 V @ −30 dBm 12.93% for 0.9 GHz @ −30 dBm 8.0% for 1.8 GHz [14] Broadband loop rectenna attached with solar panel 120.416 µW @ −10 dBm 45.6% @ −10 dBm [29] Two-element microstrip patch antenna @ 900 MHz RF:26 µW @ −10 dBm Solar:2.35 @ −10 dBm Hybrid:2.36 @ −10 dBm RF:26.01% @ −10 dBm Solar:81.22% @ −10 dBm Hybrid:81.39% @ −10 dBm [30] Single port quad-band antenna integrated with solar panel 0.82 GHz to 2.4 GHz 0.707 V @ −20 dBm 48% @ −20 dBm [31] EM4325 meander tag @ 900 MHz 39 µW @ −22 dBm 45% @ −22 dBm [32] A patch antenna integrated with solar panel @ 2.4 GHz 9 W @ 16 dB - [33] Wideband RF rectifier @ 1.74 GHz-2.93 GHz 0.6 V @ 3 dBm 75.80 % @ 3 dBm…”