A multidimensional approach to the structure of personality impressions.

Rosenberg, Seymour; Nelson, Carnot E.; Vivekananthan, P. S.

doi:10.1037/h0026086

Cited by 871 publications

(743 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Much like punch cards and slide carousels, the Gestalt-view on impression formation has slowly but surely gone out of fashion (partly because there were more simple explanations for Asch's 1946data, e.g., Anderson, 1981Rosenberg, Nelson, & Vivekananthan, 1968;Wishner, 1960), though some of its premises have resonated in typological models of impression formation (e.g., Anderson & Sedikides, 1991;Sedikides & Anderson, 1994). These typological models failed to gain a strong foothold in the field: Instead, dimensional models became increasingly popular.…”

Section: Interpretations Of Asch's Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forming Impressions of Personality

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Asch's seminal research on ''Forming Impressions of Personality'' (1946) has widely been cited as providing evidence for a primacy-of-warmth effect, suggesting that warmth-related judgments have a stronger influence on impressions of personality than competencerelated judgments (e.g., Fiske, Cuddy, & Glick, 2007;Wojciszke, 2005). Because this effect does not fit with Asch's Gestalt-view on impression formation and does not readily follow from the data presented in his original paper, the goal of the present study was to critically examine and replicate the studies of Asch's paper that are most relevant to the primacy-of-warmth effect. We found no evidence for a primacyof-warmth effect. Instead, the role of warmth was highly context-dependent, and competence was at least as important in shaping impressions as warmth.

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Section: Interpretations Of Asch's Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forming Impressions of Personality

et al. 2014

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“…The division of trust into cognitive and affective types, and trustworthiness evaluations into those that are warm versus cold, or focused on relational versus calculative dimensions, appears to be roughly consistent with "universal" dimensions of social cognition (Fiske, Cuddy, & Glick, 2007). Fiske et al refer to these two universal dimensions as warmth (morality) and competence (ability), but note that, across various areas of study, they have been called by many other names including social and intellectual (Rosenberg, Nelson, & Vivekananthan, 1968), sociability and responsibility (Fiske, 1980), liking and respecting (Fiske, Xu, Cuddy, & Glick, 1999), social and task (Bales, 1999), and/or communion and agency (Wojciszke & Abele, 2008). Just as prior research has sorted many person perception and trait variables into warmth and competence types (Fiske et al, 2007), it may also be possible to divide perceptions related to trustworthiness into two similarly corresponding types, for example, by collapsing Mayer et al's (1995) benevolence and integrity dimensions (see Table 1, model 4a).…”

Section: Trust Versus Trustworthinessmentioning

confidence: 99%

The dimensionality of trust-relevant constructs in four institutional domains: results from confirmatory factor analyses

PytlikZillig¹,

Hamm

Shockley

et al. 2016

Journal of Trust Research

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“…The structural relationships between traits seem to have a direct influence on impression formation (Hamilton & Zanna, 1974;Rosenberg, Nelson, & Vivekanathan, 1968;Rosenberg & Sedlak, 1972). Negative traits seem to be yet another influential category of traits and this phenomenon has been coined the "negativity effect" in person perception.…”

Section: Negativity Effect In Person Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Requesting information to form an impression: The influence of valence and confirmatory status

Yzerbyt

Leyens

1991

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology

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The present study examines the impact of the valence and the confirmatory status of trait information on impression formation by giving subjects an opportunity to play an active role in their reception of information. In two experiments subjects indicated who, out of a series of candidates, corresponded to an a priori personality profile. These profiles were either positive or negative in tone. Also. whereas some profiles comprised univalent evidence (all personality traits were either positive or negative), others included mixed evidence (most traits were either positive or negative together with a few that were opposite). On the basis of earlier research on dispositional inference using behavioral instances as the cues for judgment, we expected the positive traits to carry less weight than the negative ones. Thus, subjects were predicted to require a greater number of positive traits than negative ones before making a decision. Subjects were also expected to request more traits when these confirmed rather than disconfirmed their expectations. The obtained pattern of data strongly supports our hypotheses. As a whole. the data indicate the existence of a "necessity-oriented" decision rule, as well as the presence of strong constraints in people's implicit theories of personality. Implications are drawn for further research on stereotypes and on lay epistemology.

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A multidimensional approach to the structure of personality impressions.

Cited by 871 publications

References 17 publications

Forming Impressions of Personality

Forming Impressions of Personality

The dimensionality of trust-relevant constructs in four institutional domains: results from confirmatory factor analyses

Requesting information to form an impression: The influence of valence and confirmatory status

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