A Multidimensionalidade da Pobreza a partir da Efetivação de Direitos Sociais Fundamentais: Uma proposta de análise

Cobo, Barbara; Athias, Leonardo; Mattos, Gilson Gonçalves de

doi:10.4322/rbma201408002

Cited by 4 publications

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“…A construção do Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDH) pelo PNUD, baseada na discussão de desenvolvimento humano a partir das capacitações, foi o primeiro avanço representativo em medir a pobreza de forma multidimensional em nível mundial. Até então, os métodos mais utilizados na defi nição de linhas de pobreza no Brasil e na América Latina pertenciam às linhas absolutas, como as linhas de pobreza absoluta e o método calórico, o qual parte do pressuposto que as únicas necessidades humanas universais, além da respiração, seriam água e alimentação (Cobo et al, 2014;Soares, 2009).…”

Section: Fundamentação Da Pobreza: Aspectos Teóricos E Empíricosunclassified

“…Apesar de a discussão acerca do caráter multidimensional da pobreza enfatizar a importância de analisá-la além da privação monetária, a renda é um dos principais "meios" que os indivíduos dispõem para exercer seus funcionamentos, além de ser utilizada com frequência nas medidas multidimensionais, em razão de serem dados mais disponíveis e menos controversos em relação à sua legitimidade (Sen, 2000;2001). Ademais, autores como Cobo et al (2014) verifi caram forte correlação entre a pobreza monetária e a multidimensional. Em alguns casos, a dimensão "renda" é analisada em conjunto com a dimensão "mercado de trabalho", dado que o acesso a uma renda decente advém da inserção adequada no mercado de trabalho.…”

Section: Fundamentação Da Pobreza: Aspectos Teóricos E Empíricosunclassified

“…Embora exista carência de dados em relação à segurança, esse aspecto é abordado em discussões de pobreza multidimensional desde a criação do CPM pelo PNUD (1996), tendo sido, também, utilizado na análise de autores como Bagolin e Ávila (2006), Lopes et al (2004) e Cardoso e Ribeiro (2015). Há, também, carências muito relevantes em relação à habitação, apesar da redução da precariedade nesse âmbito ao longo da primeira década dos anos 2000, o que torna as condições habitacionais um dos fatores de vulnerabilidade de maior peso no Brasil (Cobo et al, 2014). Ainda, esse critério é utilizado pela maior parte das métricas de pobreza, por se tratar de quesitos considerados mundialmente como "básicos".…”

Section: Fundamentação Da Pobreza: Aspectos Teóricos E Empíricosunclassified

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Privações municipais e domiciliares em Minas Gerais: uma análise da desigualdade regional nos anos 2000

Simões

Antigo

2022

Nova econ.

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Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo medir o desenvolvimento do estado de Minas Gerais sob a abordagem das capacitações. Para tal, foi elaborado e calculado um Índice de Ausência de Privação sob duas óticas para as mesorregiões e municípios do estado: municipal e de esforço orçamentário; e domiciliar. Os resultados de ambos os índices indicaram um forte antagonismo, com maior vulnerabilidade do norte e maior desenvolvimento do sul do estado, o qual é intensificado quando as privações são observadas a partir dos índices de bem-estar domiciliares. Ademais, foi possível observar maior desigualdade intrarregional na perspectiva municipal e maior desigualdade inter-regional na perspectiva domiciliar.

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Section: Fundamentação Da Pobreza: Aspectos Teóricos E Empíricosunclassified

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Privações municipais e domiciliares em Minas Gerais: uma análise da desigualdade regional nos anos 2000

Simões

Antigo

2022

Nova econ.

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“…Buainain et al (2013) examined rural poverty in Brazil through cross-tabulations of deprivations in income and other 16 indicators. Cobo et al (2014) adapted the poverty measurement method of Mexico's CONEVAL (Consejo Nacional de Evaluación de la Política de Desarrollo Social) to the Brazilian Demographic Censuses 2000 and 2010. The authors presented municipal-level results for Brazil but did not address the differences between rural and urban areas.…”

Section: Multidimensional Poverty Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidimensional Poverty in Brazil in the Early 21st Century: Evidence from the Demographic Census

2020

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The first of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development highlights the urgency to "end poverty in all its forms, everywhere" (UN 2019). Although reducing poverty in the income or consumption perspective remains the top priority in the developing world, other fundamental dimensions are also key to a decent life in modern societies, such as health, education, and living conditions. Essentially, poverty alleviation in its multiple dimensions implies overcoming capability deprivation (Sen 1999). We analyse the concepts and dynamics of multidimensional poverty in Brazil, where monetary poverty has markedly decreased over the past decades.Despite overall improvements in socioeconomic indicators since the nineties, poverty alleviation remains a real challenge in Brazil. The World Bank (2020) indicates that the proportion of the population surviving on less than US$1.90 a day (at 2011 purchasing power parity -PPP) dropped from 21.6% in 1990 to 2.7% (5.5 million people) in 2014. Moreover, an economic recession in 2015-2016 reversed the decline of poverty, which reached 4.4% of the population in 2018 (9.2 million people). Based on the international poverty line of US$5.50 a day (2011 PPP), more suitable for upper-middle-income countries, 19.9% of the Brazilian population (41.7 million people) was poor in 2018 (World Bank 2020). The country also experienced meaningful progress in social indicators that are essential for human development, such as literacy and sanitation. The literacy rate of 15-24-year-olds increased from 94.2% in 2000 to 97.5% in 2010, while the proportion of households with poor sanitation 1 dropped from 14.0% to 8.1% (IBGE 2011a).Brazil is also characterised by extreme regional inequalities, which reminds of the differences between developed and developing countries. Deprivations persist and remain substantially larger in rural areas and in the North and North-East regions of the country (IBGE 2011a). Considering a poverty line of a quarter of the minimum wage 2 (just under $2 a day in 2010), 39% of the rural population were poor in 2010, in contrast with 11.5% in the urban areas (IBGE 2011a). Differences between rural and urban areas are also remarkable in terms of other development indicators. One of the most concerning indicators is the illiteracy rate among people aged 15 and above, which ranged from 7.3% in urban areas to 23.2% in rural areas in 2010 (IBGE 2011b).The empirical literature has extensively examined the determinants of the reduction in monetary poverty in Brazil. The main reasons for this progress were economic growth, labour market improvements, real minimum wage rises, expansion of social security and social assistance benefits, both in terms of coverage and value, and macroeconomic stability (Campello and Neri 2014; Ravallion 2011a; World Bank 2016a, 2016b). Helfand and Del Grossi (2009) demonstrated that rural poverty decreased more rapidly than urban poverty between 1995 and 2006, mainly because of social security benefits. showed that ...

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“…In this regard, it becomes possible to adopt preventive measures to improve the quality of life of individuals. According to Cobo et al (2014), the representation of 'absolute' monetary poverty lines distinguishes between extreme poverty or destitution, which focuses on the minimum for sustenance and poverty or the necessary means to live a dignified life, where other needs such as housing, transportation, hygiene, etc., are measured. The discussion by experts over the last two decades supports the relevance of the analysis that will be developed in this study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Informal labor and poverty in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Araújo,

Erbisti,

Botelho

2024

OLEL

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Poverty in Brazil persists as a significant challenge for society, addressing not only fundamental moral concerns but also the need to promote conditions conducive to economic and social development. The complexity of the problem, characterized by multiple factors beyond income, includes historical inequalities, unequal economic structures, and limited access to resources and public services. Despite advancements in recent decades, the increase in poverty between 2014 and 2016, driven by growing income inequality, underscores the fragility of these advances. The rise in poverty rates in the Metropolitan Region of the state of Rio de Janeiro, where affluent areas coexist with deprived communities, becomes a cause for concern, exacerbated by factors such as lack of decent employment, educational precarity and socio-economic impacts of the pandemic. Confronting these issues, a detailed analysis using data from the Continuous National Household Sample Survey (Continuous PNAD) of 2012, 2016 and 2020 highlights the formality of employment as a crucial factor in poverty reduction in the region. The transition from informality to formality is associated with significant gains in poverty reduction, surpassing even the impact of the educational level of the head of the household. Results from Bayesian logistic regression show that formality decreases the likelihood of individuals and their families having per capita household income below the poverty line. This research emphasizes the need for comprehensive public policies in the state of Rio de Janeiro, aiming to promote economic opportunities, improve the quality of education and invest in infrastructure, underscoring the importance of enhancing employment ties as an effective strategy in the fight against poverty.

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A Multidimensionalidade da Pobreza a partir da Efetivação de Direitos Sociais Fundamentais: Uma proposta de análise

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Privações municipais e domiciliares em Minas Gerais: uma análise da desigualdade regional nos anos 2000

Privações municipais e domiciliares em Minas Gerais: uma análise da desigualdade regional nos anos 2000

Multidimensional Poverty in Brazil in the Early 21st Century: Evidence from the Demographic Census

Informal labor and poverty in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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