A Multifactor Approach to Mild Cognitive Impairment

Abstract

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) represents an intermediate stage between normal cognition and dementia. Individuals with MCI are at increased risk of conversion to dementia, and the rate of progression of MCI to dementia is dependent on age, gender, and education. MCI may be diagnosed using neuropsychological criteria using cut-offs representing decrements in cognition, or using criteria to assess for a decline in functional status. The ability to determine the status of dementia-related biomarkers has allowed for better staging and prognostication in different forms of MCI. MCI is now recognized as a significant target stage for future therapies. These future therapies aim to reduce the rate of conversion of individuals with MCI to dementia. In this article, we review different conceptions of MCI, the diagnosis and prognostication of MCI, and presently available management approaches for this condition.

Rate of conversion from mild cognitive impairment to dementia in a Thai hospital‐based population: A retrospective cohort

“…In many longitudinal studies, the conversion rate was reported from the overall follow‐up period and then the ACR was calculated to estimate the progression of MCI in 1 year, but our study reported only 1‐year rate of conversion. Because some MCI patients may revert to normal especially during the 1 year after diagnosis, 30 and the rate of conversion may progress over time, the average ACR may be the better marker to represent the overall MCI prediction.…”

The use of Motor and Cognitive Dual-Task quantitative assessment on subjects with mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review

“…Recently, the neuropsychological classification of MCI and AD has been enriched by the employment of new methodologies since cognition is not the only area affected by dementia. So far, there has been a lack of emphasis on non-cognitive symptoms in MCI and early dementia, whereas behavioral and motor issues are prevalent [Qarni & Salardini (2019)].…”

Effects of a Trans-Theoretical Model-Based Health Education Program on the Management of Cognitive Dysfunction in Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment: Study Rationale and Protocol Design for a Randomized Controlled Trial

“…Recently, clinical research and basic research have focused on the preclinical stage of dementia-mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (1). MCI denotes problems with memory, attention, or other cognition, which are greater than expected for healthy aging but insufficient to interfere with daily activities (2). The clinical outcomes of MCI may remain stable, progress to dementia, or return to neurological integrity.…”