“…A new class of fluorescent materials ( Figure 1B ) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) discovered by Tang's group and others have received considerable attention due to their unique photophysical properties (Luo et al, 2001 ; An et al, 2002 , 2012 ; Shimizu et al, 2009 ; Shustova et al, 2013 ; Yan et al, 2015 ; Sasaki et al, 2016 ; Li and Li, 2017 ; Tsujimoto et al, 2017 ; Zhang et al, 2017 ; Ren et al, 2019 ; Guo et al, 2020 ; Hu et al, 2020 ; Kong et al, 2020 ; Mao et al, 2020 ; Qin et al, 2020 ). The widely accepted working mechanism of AIE-active fluorescent materials is restriction of intramolecular motions (Mei et al, 2015 ; Chen et al, 2019 ; Tu et al, 2020 ), thus the AIE materials generally show strong emission in aggregate and solid states and strong photobleaching resistance (Hong et al, 2011 ; Chen Y. et al, 2018 ; Cao et al, 2019 ; Li et al, 2019 ; Chen et al, 2020 ; Feng H. et al, 2020 ; He et al, 2020b ; Huang et al, 2020 ; Li Q. et al, 2020 ; Ni et al, 2020 ; Wei et al, 2020 ; Xu Y. et al, 2020 ; Yin et al, 2020 ). On the other hand, AIE materials mostly exist in the form of nanoaggregates in biological systems, which are not easily discharged by the biological system through metabolism, enabling long-term dynamic tracking (Xie et al, 2019 ; Niu et al, 2020 ).…”