A multifunctional nanoplatform for lysosome targeted delivery of nitric oxide and photothermal therapy under 808 nm near-infrared light

Abstract

Nitric oxide (NO) plays important roles in various physiological and pathological processes. The development of multifunctional nanoplatforms that enable site-specific delivery of NO is expected to provide new insights toward the realization of NO-mediated therapy. We report herein a novel nanoplatform {Lyso-Ru-NO@FA@CDs}, (1), where a lysosome-targeting NO donor, Lyso-Ru-NO, and a folic-acid (FA)-directing group were incorporated into carbon dots (CDs).Nanoplatform 1 exhibited immediate NO release and a rapid temperature increase when irradiated with an 808-nm laser.This nanoplatform was capable of targeting folate-receptor-positive cancer cell lines and specifically accumulated in the subcellular lysosomal organelle. The duel-targeted nanoplatform 1 exhibited high cytotoxicity toward cancer cells under irradiation with 808-nm light, demonstrating substantially enhanced efficacy compared with its nontargeted counterparts.NIR-light-controlled spatiotemporal delivery of NO to targeted sites accompanied by photothermal therapy offers new possibilities for NO-involved multimodal cancer treatment.

A multifunctional platform with single-NIR-laser-triggered photothermal and NO release for synergistic therapy against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria and their biofilms

“…Without the laser irradiation, the bacterial survival rates in the TG-NO-B-treated groups were 80.4 ± 8.3%, 84.1 ± 7.5%, and 85.5 ± 7.7% for MDR Ab, Kp and Pa, respectively, compared to the untreated controls (PBS); however, all the other groups without NIR laser irradiation (TG, TG-NO and TG-B) showed no significant changes in the percentages of survival bacteria. The slight bactericidal effects of the TG-NO-B-treated groups could be attributed to targeted and relatively small amount of NO release by TG-NO-B without NIR light [22,47]. Upon exposure to NIR laser irradiation (808 nm, 0.75 W/ cm 2 , 10 min), the TG-and TG-NO-treated groups exhibited no or very little decrease in the bacterial viabilities, due largely to no or weak binding between TG/TG-NO and the bacteria [9]; whereas the inactivated percentages in the TG-B-treated groups were 55.6 ± 9.0%, 55.2 ± 9.5 and 55.6 ± 9.0 for Ab, Kp and Pa, respectively, owing to the occurrence of targeted PTT [35].…”

Near-Infrared Light-Responsive Nitric Oxide Delivery Platform for Enhanced Radioimmunotherapy

“…In our system, proteins (such as BSA or OVA) were used to modify the Ag 2 S QDs; then, the NO donor tert-butyl nitride (TBN) could be further coupled to the proteins to form Ag 2 S@BSA-SNO nanoparticles ( Fig. 1a).We demonstrated that NO could be generated and released from the Ag 2 S QDs effectively under the NIR irradiation in vitro [43][44][45][46][47]. In the mice tumor model, Ag 2 S QDs could accumulate at the tumor site by EPR effect.…”

Advanced nitric oxide donors: chemical structure of NO drugs, NO nanomedicines and biomedical applications

“…57 In recent research, there were also many combinations of ruthenium nitrosyls and carbon quantum dots to form nanomedicines, then employing NIR light to produce a photothermal effect. 58,59 Researchers have used the covalent bonding of NO donors and nanomaterials to successfully load donors and release NO at specific locations to play important physiological roles. Dr Xue et al integrated photothermal and NO release characteristics into a single nanocomposite to achieve synergistic photothermal and NO antibacterial effects.…”