“…Although this is an order of magnitude less than is used in some wind-turbine generators (see discussion above), the total potential demand for Nd in a worldwide fleet of BEVs with permanent-magnet motors would still be large enough to be of concern. However, there are a number of electric motors that do not use REEs, and at least one of these, the switched reluctance motor, currently under development for electric vehicles (e.g., Goto et al, 2005), is economical, efficient, robust, and high-performing (Lovins and Howe, 1992). Given this, we do not expect that the scarcity of REEs will appreciably affect the development of electric vehicles.…”