A multistep immunoassay on a 3D-printed capillarity-driven microfluidic device for point-of-care diagnostics

Evolution of 3d printing technology in fabrication of microfluidic devices and biological applications: a comprehensive review

“…43 Most of the microfluidic devices realised through 3D-printing technologies have been fabricated through 43 (C) 3D-printed micromixers, 44 (D) liver-on-a-chip platform fabricated by 3D printing, 45 (E) 3D-printed flexible microfluidic channels, 46 (F) microchannels with integrated valves printed on a spherical surface, 47 (G) 3D-printed portable bio-sensor with porous membrane at the inlet 48 and (H) 3D-printed microfluidic device for immunoglobulin E detection. 49 extrusion-based fused deposition modelling (FDM), SLA and inkjet printing methods. Commercial 3D printers range in price from a few hundred to thousands of dollars and can be used to print materials that cost tens to hundreds of dollars per unit mass or volume.…”

“…45 ; (E) ref. 46 ; (F) reprinted with permission 47 Copyright © 2020 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC); (G) reprinted with permission 48 Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V.; (H) reprinted with permission 49 Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd.…”

“…Figure 1. Evolution of 3D-printed microfluidic devices: (A) Simple microchannels connected by tubing and Luer connectors,42 (B) PDMS moulds fabricated by 3D rapid prototyping,43 (C) 3D-printed micromixers,44 (D) liver-on-a-chip platform fabricated by 3D printing,45 (E) 3D-printed flexible microfluidic channels,46 (F) microchannels with integrated valves printed on a spherical surface,47 (G) 3D-printed portable bio-sensor with porous membrane at the inlet48 and (H) 3D-printed microfluidic device for immunoglobulin E detection 49. …”

Application of surfactants in the electrochemical sensing and biosensing of biomolecules and drug molecules

“…Combining microuidics with conventional assays provides a new direction for biomedical research. Ordutowski et al, 94 in their study of a 3D printed capillary-driven microuidic device, found that when the ink was transported inside the channel of the 3D printing device and came into contact with the buffer, the surfactant was dissolved and redeposited into the hydrophobic barrier, which could effectively reduce the localized surface tension, making the surface hydrophilic and connecting the channel. In addition, de Campos et al 95 developed an integrated digital microuidic electrochemical impedance-based lipopolysaccharide sensor based on the toll-like receptor-4 protein, in which it was reported that this surfactant as a droplet additive (typically 0.1%wt) signicantly reduced protein adsorption on the device surface and further optimized the surfactant concentration to allow EIS measurements to be made of the droplet without affecting the droplet motion.…”

Evaluation of food μPADs with the new tech perspectives and future prospects

“…However, µPADs create channels through which fluids can flow in multiple directions without the use of additional elements by using patterned surfaces (Kim et al, 2023). By defining channel networks in a porous paper in two or three dimensions, fluid control is improved and more complex assays can be implemented in µPADs (Ordutowski et al, 2023). Fluid control determines the complexity of the analysis but it is critical to develop various fabrication techniques to find appropriate mass production methods (Trinh et al, 2022).…”