A multivariate analysis of morphological divergence of “seeds” (achenes) among ruderal, fibre, oilseed, dioecious/monoecious and marijuana variants of Cannabis sativa L.

Naraine, Steve G. U.; Small, Ernest; Laursen, Andrew E.; Campbell, Lesley G.

doi:10.1007/s10722-019-00848-9

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The direct consequence of this selection was the unaware artificial creation of the C. sativa L. varieties, each with specific genotypic and phenotypic features, which at first, induced the taxonomists and botanists to erroneously recognize two or three different species of C. sativa L., embracing a polytypic concept of the Cannabis genus [ 27 ]. To further complicate the taxonomic classification of the Cannabis genus, there has been also the fact that C. sativa L. is a crop which tends to exist in “crop-weed complexes”, that is complexes of domesticated forms in cultivation and related ruderal (weedy) forms growing outside of cultivation, developing morphological characteristics also very different from those of the domestic progenitor, as a consequence of adaptation to the wild environment [ 28 ]. However, it must be considered that, despite the high genetic variability of C. sativa L., the varieties that genotypically and phenotypically differ, are interfertile.…”

Section: Biochemistry Genetic Taxonomy and Legal Status Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As mentioned above, the C. sativa L. crop has a prehistoric use as an important source of industrial interest’s plant fibre. Nevertheless, in the last decades, there has been a growing interest in the seed of the plant which is the fruit of hemp, commonly named seed, even if it is technically an achene, namely an one-seeded dry fruits in which the pericarp is not as tightly joined to the seed, essentially similar to the cereal caryopsis [ 28 ]. Normally, the seeds of hemp grown for fibre production were considered as a waste product, and at most, they were mainly used as animal feed [ 34 , 41 ].…”

Section: C Sativa L Seedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Seed of Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.): Nutritional Quality and Potential Functionality for Human Health and Nutrition

et al. 2020

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Hempseeds, the edible fruits of the Cannabis sativa L. plant, were initially considered a by-product of the hemp technical fibre industry. Nowadays, following the restorationing of the cultivation of C. sativa L. plants containing an amount of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) <0.3% or 0.2% (industrial hemp) there is a growing interest for the hempseeds production due to their high nutritional value and functional features. The goal of this review is to examine the scientific literature concerning the nutritional and functional properties of hempseeds. Furthermore, we revised the scientific literature regarding the potential use of hempseeds and their derivatives as a dietary supplement for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory and chronic-degenerative diseases on animal models and humans too. In the first part of the work, we provide information regarding the genetic, biochemical, and legislative aspects of this plant that are, in our opinion essential to understand the difference between “industrial” and “drug-type” hemp. In the final part of the review, the employment of hempseeds by the food industry as livestock feed supplement and as ingredient to enrich or fortify daily foods has also revised. Overall, this review intends to encourage further and comprehensive investigations about the adoption of hempseeds in the functional foods field.

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Section: Biochemistry Genetic Taxonomy and Legal Status Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: C Sativa L Seedmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Seed of Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.): Nutritional Quality and Potential Functionality for Human Health and Nutrition

et al. 2020

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“…For each reference, the following information was recorded ( Figure 1 ): (i) type and year of publication, (ii) country, (iii) region, (iv) taxon, (v) vernacular names and (vi) part of the plant (inflorescence, leaf, whole plant, seed, aerial part, stem, bark, root, twig and branch, and other part) or plant product (resin, fibre and other product) used. In this database, the term ‘seed’ actually refers to the Cannabis fruit—a nut (also called achene) ( 21 ). In the reviewed literature, this part was referred to with several terms (fruit, young fruit, nut, achene and seed); because the term ‘seed’ was the most commonly used and generally accepted, the part was referred to in the database under the single term.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CANNUSE, a database of traditional Cannabis uses—an opportunity for new research

et al. 2021

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Cannabis is one of the most versatile genera in terms of plant uses and has been exploited by humans for millennia due to its medicinal properties, strong fibres, nutritious seeds and psychoactive resin. Nowadays, Cannabi s is the centre of many scientific studies, which mainly focus on its chemical composition and medicinal properties. Unfortunately, while new applications of this plant are continuously being developed, some of its traditional uses are becoming rare and even disappearing altogether. Information on traditional uses of Cannabis is vast, but it is scattered across many publication sources in different formats, so synthesis and standardization of these data are increasingly important. The CANNUSE database provides an organized information source for scientists and general public interested in different aspects of Cannabis use. It contains over 2300 entries from 649 publications related to medicinal, alimentary, fibre and other uses from different geographical areas and cultures around the world. We believe this database will serve as a starting point for new research and development strategies based on the traditional knowledge. Database URL: http://cannusedb.csic.es

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“…As regards their nutritional use, hemp seeds, and, therefore, the fruits of C. sativa , are the part of the plant used most for human consumption. From a botanical point of view, hemp seed is an achene, i.e., a dried fruit whose hardened pericarp does not adhere to the internal seed, as for quinoa, amaranth, buckwheat and strawberry achenes [ 27 ]. In this paper, we refer to hemp seeds when we generally speak of hemp as a plant material for nutritional purposes, unless otherwise specified.…”

Section: Nutritional Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) as a Functional Food in Vegetarian Nutrition

Rizzo,

Storz,

Calapai

2023

Foods

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Recently, there has been a renewed interest in Cannabis sativa and its uses. The recreational use of inflorescences as a source of THC has led to the legal restriction of C. sativa cultivation to limit the detrimental effects of psychotropic substance abuse on health. However, this has also limited the cultivation of textile/industrial varieties with a low content of THC used for textile and nutritional purposes. While previously the bans had significantly penalized the cultivation of C. sativa, today many countries discriminate between recreational use (marijuana) and industrial and food use (hemp). The stalks of industrial hemp (low in psychotropic substances) have been used extensively for textile purposes while the seeds are nutritionally versatile. From hemp seeds, it is possible to obtain flours applicable in the bakery sector, oils rich in essential fatty acids, proteins with a high biological value and derivatives for fortification, supplementation and nutraceutical purposes. Hemp seed properties seem relevant for vegetarian diets, due to their high nutritional value and underestimated employment in the food sector. Hemp seed and their derivatives are a valuable source of protein, essential fatty acids and minerals that could provide additional benefit to vegetarian nutrition. This document aims to explore the information available in the literature about hemp seeds from a nutritional point of view, highlighting possible beneficial effects for humans with particular attention to vegetarian nutrition as a supplemental option for a well-planned diet.

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A multivariate analysis of morphological divergence of “seeds” (achenes) among ruderal, fibre, oilseed, dioecious/monoecious and marijuana variants of Cannabis sativa L.

Cited by 11 publications

References 38 publications

The Seed of Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.): Nutritional Quality and Potential Functionality for Human Health and Nutrition

The Seed of Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.): Nutritional Quality and Potential Functionality for Human Health and Nutrition

CANNUSE, a database of traditional Cannabis uses—an opportunity for new research

The Role of Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) as a Functional Food in Vegetarian Nutrition

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