A multivariate statistical approach of X-ray fluorescence characterization of a large collection of reverse glass paintings

Renda, Vincenzo; Nardo, Viviana Mollica; Anastasio, Gianfranco; Caponetti, Eugenio; Vasi, C.; Saladino, Maria Luisa; Armetta, Francesco; Trusso, S.; Ponterio, Rosina Celeste

doi:10.1016/j.sab.2019.105655

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…All these features strongly inuence the quality classication of the object and the best results can be obtained by the analysis of the net area%. Regarding the investigation of the collection of reverse paintings, it is possible to observe that the main cluster comprised of red, blue and green objects is characterized by a similar and simple composition, which is supposed to have the same origin based on the comparison with already assigned reverse glass paintings 22 and, considering the location of the museum, it could be reasonable that they are coming from Sicily where usually glasses show a low Fe content and are red using soda lime. 31 In light of the other clusters, the presence of elemental outliers can drive the assignment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…21 In the case of an investigation on a large collection of similar objects, this limit can be overcome by the consideration that matrix effects, mainly coming from uorescence radiation absorption with the sample matrix, do not strongly inuence the elemental uorescence and that a simple spectra comparison can be enough to highlight differences and similitudes. 22 Moreover, recently, several chemometric tools have been developed and applied to XRF data to aid in the data analysis and thus increase the potential of the technique. [23][24][25][26] Multivariate processing can be applied both on raw spectra and the extracted information on elemental composition, 27,28 but there are no guidelines or detailed studies exploiting the best way to perform the data analysis.…”

Section: Composition Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improved chemometric approach for XRF data treatment: application to the reverse glass paintings from the Lipari collection

et al. 2023

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Composition Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved chemometric approach for XRF data treatment: application to the reverse glass paintings from the Lipari collection

et al. 2023

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“…As a multivariate statistical approach, PCA was chosen for this purpose. PCA has already been proven to be a powerful tool for elaborating compositional data of a large number of XRF spectra collected from painted materials [28,29], and could have been used similarly in order to have a useful look at the dataset obtained by ED-XRF measurements from the pigments at Me-taw-ya.…”

Section: Ed-xrf Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Matter and Pigments in the Wall Paintings of Me-Taw-Ya Temple in Bagan Valley, Myanmar

et al. 2021

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Pagán is an ancient city located in Myanmar that is renowned for the remains of about 4000 pagodas, stupas, temples and monasteries dating from the 11th to 13th centuries. Due to a magnitude 6.8 earthquake in 2016, more than 300 ancient buildings were seriously damaged. As a part of the post-earthquake emergency program, a diagnostic pilot project was carried out on Me-taw-ya temple wall paintings to acquire further information on the materials and on their state of conservation. This article presents our attempts at characterising the painting materials at Me-taw-ya temple using non-invasive portable energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF), portable Raman spectroscopy and micro-invasive attenuated total reflectance—Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), micro-Raman spectroscopy (µ-Raman), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), polarized light microscopy (PLM) and environmental scanning electron microscope—X-ray energy dispersive system (ESEM-EDS) investigations with the aim of identifying the composition of organic binders and pigments. The presence of a proteinaceous glue mixed with the lime-based plaster was ascertained and identified by GC-MS. In addition, this technique confirmed the occurrence of plant-derived gums as binders pointing to the a secco technique. Fe-based compounds, vermillion, carbon black and As-compounds were identified to have been incorporated in the palette of the murals.

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“…Pre-treatments and data fusion are quite important: dataset are submitted to peak alignment [ 2 ], normalization processes or a band area selection and processed with regression analysis [ 20 ], observing the separation through PCA, linear discriminant analysis or cluster analysis [ 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemometric Tools to Point Out Benchmarks and Chromophores in Pigments through Spectroscopic Data Analyses

et al. 2021

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Spectral preprocessing data and chemometric tools are analytical methods widely applied in several scientific contexts i.e., in archaeometric applications. A systematic classification of natural powdered pigments of organic and inorganic nature through Principal Component Analysis with a multi-instruments spectroscopic study is presented here. The methodology allows the access to elementary and molecular unique benchmarks to guide and speed up the identification of an unknown pigment and its recipe. This study is conducted on a set of 48 powdered pigments and tested on a real-case sample from the wall painting in S. Maria Delle Palate di Tusa (Messina, Italy). Four spectroscopic techniques (X-ray Fluorescence, Raman, Attenuated Total Reflectance and Total Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopies) and six different spectrometers are tested to evaluate the impact of different setups. The novelty of the work is to use a systematic approach on this initial dataset using the entire spectroscopic energy range without any windows selection to solve problems linked with the manipulation of large analytes/materials to find an indistinct property of one or more spectral bands opening new frontiers in the dataset spectroscopic analyses.

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A multivariate statistical approach of X-ray fluorescence characterization of a large collection of reverse glass paintings

Cited by 18 publications

References 22 publications

Improved chemometric approach for XRF data treatment: application to the reverse glass paintings from the Lipari collection

Improved chemometric approach for XRF data treatment: application to the reverse glass paintings from the Lipari collection

Organic Matter and Pigments in the Wall Paintings of Me-Taw-Ya Temple in Bagan Valley, Myanmar

Chemometric Tools to Point Out Benchmarks and Chromophores in Pigments through Spectroscopic Data Analyses

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