2021
DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.694845
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A Narrative Review of Methodological Considerations in Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Offspring Brain Development and the Influence of Parenting

Abstract: Parenting has been robustly associated with offspring psychosocial development, and these effects are likely reflected in brain development. This hypothesis is being tested with increasingly rigorous methods and the use of magnetic resonance imaging, a powerful tool for characterizing human brain structure and function. The objective of this narrative review was to examine methodological issues in this field that impact the conclusions that can be drawn and to identify future directions in this field. Studies … Show more

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Cited by 11 publications
(8 citation statements)
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References 142 publications
(159 reference statements)
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“…Because brain structure or function was not assessed at baseline concurrently with interaction assessment, the effects of parenting detected in the current study could be due to a baseline association that has not been accounted for. Consequently, longitudinal imaging data covering the earlier ages as well are needed to better understand the timing of the effects on brain development and examine change in brain structure and function over time ( Bhanot et al, 2021 ). Finally, it would be important to link the findings regarding associations between parenting and children’s brain structure and function with children’s behavioral and cognitive outcomes to better understand the role of the identified associations in child development.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Because brain structure or function was not assessed at baseline concurrently with interaction assessment, the effects of parenting detected in the current study could be due to a baseline association that has not been accounted for. Consequently, longitudinal imaging data covering the earlier ages as well are needed to better understand the timing of the effects on brain development and examine change in brain structure and function over time ( Bhanot et al, 2021 ). Finally, it would be important to link the findings regarding associations between parenting and children’s brain structure and function with children’s behavioral and cognitive outcomes to better understand the role of the identified associations in child development.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Parental behavior problems are a common plight that impacts children’s behavior, cognitive function, and emotional development [ 1 , 2 ]. Parental behavior problems also have lasting effects on brain structures and functions [ 3 , 4 ]. Several studies suggest that changes in structural and functional brain development caused by parental behavior problems may contribute to mental disorders and behavior dysfunction later in life [ 5 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A few studies examined the effects of normative variations or subtle differences in parental behavior that may be considered less intense and have a milder effect on the brains and mental health of children and adolescents [ 4 ]. Our understanding of how brain structure and function varies during childhood and adolescence in relation to a normative range of parental behavior remains an open question.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…The profound effects of extreme parenting behaviors (e.g., involving child maltreatment and neglect) on the developing brain have been well documented ( Teicher et al, 2016 ). Less attention has been directed toward “normative” variations in parenting behaviors which may be less severe but occur more commonly and therefore have the potential to impact a greater proportion of children ( Morris et al, 2017 ; Farber et al, 2020 ; Bhanot et al, 2021 ). There is increasing evidence of a link between “normative” parenting behaviors and brain structure across childhood and adolescence ( Belsky and de Haan, 2011 ; Kok et al, 2015 ; Cortes Hidalgo et al, 2021 ; Whittle et al, 2022 ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%