A Narrative Review of Self-Reported Scales to Evaluate Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Adult Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients

Velescu, Diana Raluca; Marc, Monica Steluta; Traila, Daniel; Pescaru, Camelia Corina; Hogea, Patricia; Suppini, Noemi; Crisan, Alexandru Florian; Wellmann, Norbert; Oancea, Cristian

doi:10.3390/medicina60020261

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The SDS is the commonly used self-rating scale (next to the Beck Depression Scale–BDI). The high reliability of the scale confirmed in research justifies its use ( Dunstan, Scott & Todd, 2017 ; Velescu et al, 2024 ). It includes 20 symptoms divided into four groups: mood disturbances, physiological functions, psychomotor activity, and psychiatric symptoms.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Food addiction and the physical and mental health status of adults with overweight and obesity

Zielińska,

Łuszczki,

Szymańska

et al. 2024

PeerJ

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Background Overweight and obesity now affect more than a third of the world’s population. They are strongly associated with somatic diseases, in particular increasing the risk of many metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, but also with mental disorders. In particular, there is a strong association between obesity and depression. As a result, more attention is paid to the neurobiological, behavioural, and psychological mechanisms involved in eating. One of these is food addiction (FA). Research comparing lifestyle elements, physical and mental health problems of excess body weight and individuals with FA is limited and has focused on younger people, mainly students. There is also a lack of studies that relate actual metabolic parameters to FA. To better understand the problem of FA also in older adults, it is important to understand the specific relationships between these variables. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 172 adults with overweight and obesity (82% female) aged 23–85 years. The mean age of all subjects was M = 59.97 years (SD = 11.93), the mean BMI was M = 32.05 kg/m2 (SD = 4.84), and the mean body fat was M = 39.12% (SD = 6.48). The following questionnaires were used: Food Frequency Questionnaire-6 (FFQ-6), Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), Three Factor Eating Questionnaire-R18 (TFEQ-R18), Yale Food Addiction Scale 2. 0 (YFAS 2.0), Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). Body composition, anthropometry, fasting glucose, lipid profile, and blood pressure were measured. Results A total of 22.7% of participants with overweight and obesity had symptoms of depression according to the SDS, and 18.6% met the criteria for FA according to YFAS 2.0. FA was statistically significantly more common among people up to 50 years. BMI, body fat mass, diastolic blood pressure and sedentary behaviour were statistically significantly higher in people with FA symptoms. Those who were sedentary for 301–450 min per day were significantly more likely to have depressive symptoms, and those who were sedentary for more than 450 min per day were significantly more likely to have FA symptoms. Conclusions Our findings complement the current literature on FA, particularly in older adults and metabolic parameters, and suggest further research directions. Although our cross-sectional study design does not allow causal interpretations, increasing physical activity appears to be particularly important in the management of people with overweight or obesity and FA. This may be even more important than for people with depression alone, but future research is needed to explore these relationships further.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…A cut-off point ≥50 for raw scores is recommended ( Dunstan & Scott, 2018 ; Velescu et al, 2024 ). For the 50-point cut-off applied by many researchers, sensitivity is 78.9% and specificity is 83.7% ( Dunstan & Scott, 2019 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food addiction and the physical and mental health status of adults with overweight and obesity

Zielińska,

Łuszczki,

Szymańska

et al. 2024

PeerJ

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Burning Mouth Syndrome May Essentially Be Related To Psychoneuroimmunology: Mechanism Hypothesis

Mao,

Cai,

Pan

et al. 2024

J of Oral Rehabilitation

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BackgroundBurning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic intraoral dysesthesia with elusive aetiology, only few studies have been carried out on immune function in BMS patients. We aimed to investigate the role immune function paly in the pathogenesis of BMS by psychoneuroimmunology (PNI).MethodWe recruited 44 BMS patients and 31 controls. We measured the anxiety and depression levels by the Zung’ Self‐rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Zung’ Self‐rating Depression Scale (SDS), respectively. Serological immunity included cellular immunity, humoral immunity and autoantibody. Visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to quantify pain levels. We used the Pearson correlation analysis to analyse the relationship between pain, psychology and immune function.ResultsBMS exhibited higher levels of anxiety and depression (***p < 0.001 for both). In BMS, the CD3+ cells, CD4+ cells were lower (*p = 0.028, 0.046 and 0.033, respectively), IgE and antinuclear antibody (ANA) was higher (*p = 0.035). The average VAS score among BMS was approximately 3.7. Pearson correlation analysis revealed positive correlations between VAS, SAS and SDS; negative correlations between these scores of VAS, SAS, SDS and the levels of CD3+ cells, CD4+ cells, CD8+ cells.ConclusionsBMS were more painful, anxious, depressive, and immunity dysfunction than controls. We proposed a mechanism hypothesis that the BMS may essentially be an immunological disease.

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Relationship Between BMI, Self‐Rated Depression, and Food Addiction—A Cross‐Sectional Study of Adults in Postpandemic Poland

Zielińska,

Łuszczki,

Bartosiewicz

et al. 2024

Depression and Anxiety

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Depression and obesity are two diseases that have a profound impact on global health. The relationship between obesity and depression is strongly comorbid, tending to exacerbate metabolic and depressive symptoms. Research also shows that there are complex interactions between obesity, depression symptoms, and food addiction (FA). The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI), self‐rated depression, and FA. The study sample consisted of 735 subjects (90.2% female, MBMI = 27.58 kg/m2, standard deviation (SD)BMI = 6.58 kg/m2) aged 18–70 years (M = 39.01, SD = 14.07). The prevalence of FA symptoms was measured using the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 and self‐rated depression was assessed using the Zung Self‐Rating Depression Scale. The prevalence of FA in the group was 41% and self‐rated depression was present in 34.1% of the participants. It was found that the higher the BMI of the subjects, the higher the severity of FA, but the BMI was not significantly correlated with the severity of depression. In addition, the greater the severity of self‐rated depression, the greater the severity of FA. This correlation was stronger for men than for women in the 18–30 and 31–45 age groups. The severity of self‐rated depression and FA was significantly higher in people with an eating disorders. This study adds to the growing body of evidence suggesting that the presence and severity of FA are associated with the severity of self‐rated depression, particularly in younger adults. In addition, people with a high BMI, indicating obesity, are more likely to have FA, especially severe FA.

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A Narrative Review of Self-Reported Scales to Evaluate Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Adult Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients

Cited by 4 publications

References 105 publications

Food addiction and the physical and mental health status of adults with overweight and obesity

Food addiction and the physical and mental health status of adults with overweight and obesity

Burning Mouth Syndrome May Essentially Be Related To Psychoneuroimmunology: Mechanism Hypothesis

Relationship Between BMI, Self‐Rated Depression, and Food Addiction—A Cross‐Sectional Study of Adults in Postpandemic Poland

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