A narrative review of the antitumor studies of solanine

Luo, Sheng; Tian, Guo-Jiang; Yu, Fuxiang; Wen, Zhengde

doi:10.21037/tcr-20-3094

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…A large number of studies have confirmed the toxic effects of α-solanine on cancers. [14][15][16]23,24 Only a limited number of studies investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of α-solanine on macrophages and in endotoxemia model mice. 26,59 Kenny et al reported that α-solanine possesses anti-inflammatory properties in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced Raw264.7 macrophages 59 by reducing the production of nitric oxide (NO) and decreasing the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 Previous studies about α-solanine mostly center on its anticarcinogenic properties and toxicant effects. [14][15][16] It has been reported that α-solanine could promote tumor cell apoptosis, inhibit cell proliferation and suppress angiogenesis. [17][18][19][20][21][22] In addition, α-solanine plays important roles in chemical protection and chemotherapy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alpha-solanine inhibits endothelial inflammation via nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway

et al. 2023

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Background. Alpha-solanine (α-solanine) is the main glycoalkaloid in potato plants. It possesses anticarcinogenic properties and exerts toxic effects. Alpha-solanine can regulate the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway in cancer cells and macrophages. However, little is known about the anti-inflammatory effects and the related molecular mechanisms of α-solanine on endothelial cells.Objectives. This study aims to examine the effects of α-solanine on endothelial inflammation in vitro, and to evaluate its influence on regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway. Materials and methods.Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)-pcDNA3. 1(+) plasmid vector was constructed and transfected into human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The expression of TNF-α was examined with quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot. Following treatment with α-solanine or the specific NF-κB inhibitor SN50 for 24 h, cell viability was detected using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and TNF-α levels in cell supernatant were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The relative protein levels of phospho-P65 (p-P65), phospho-inhibitor of NF-κBα (p-IκBα) and IκB kinase (IKK) α/β were examined with western blot.Results. The α-solanine inhibits TNF-α-induced inflammatory injury in HUVECs. Compared with control cells, the cell viability was significantly decreased, the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly increased, and the relative protein levels of p-P65, p-IκBα and IKKα/β were significantly upregulated in TNF-α-overexpressed cells. The treatment with α-solanine or SN50 decreased the levels of TNF-α and IL-6, and downregulated the relative protein levels of p-P65, p-IκBα and IKKα/β in TNF-α-overexpressed HUVECs.Conclusions. This study demonstrated for the first time that α-solanine inhibits endothelial inflammation through the NF-κB signaling pathway. The α-solanine was suggested to be an inhibitor of the NF-κB signaling pathway in endothelial cells. The anti-inflammatory effect of α-solanine may provide a new perspective for the prevention and treatment of phlebitis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alpha-solanine inhibits endothelial inflammation via nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway

et al. 2023

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“…However, the involvement of other potential targets behind the anticancer effects of SNWE may not be ruled out. For instance, solanine, the main ingredient of Solanum nigrum, showed antitumor ability against different tumors by targeting different proteins [48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cytotoxic Effects of Solanum nigrum Water Extract on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells

Khan,

Alghamdi,

Prasad

et al. 2023

Front. Biosci. (Landmark Ed)

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Background: Recent studies suggest that numerous naturally occurring agents have the potential to kill cancer cells via mitochondrial dysfunction. Solanum nigrum is a herb widely used in alternative medical systems. This study aimed to investigate the cytotoxic effect of Solanum nigrum water extract (SNWE) against Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) and MD Anderson-Metastatic Breast Cancer-231 (MDA-MB-231) cells. Methods: We used an MTT reduction assay for cytotoxicity analysis. To explore the mode of action, the cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels and mitochondrial membrane potential were analyzed using a colorimetric ATP assay and Rhodamine-123 fluorescent staining, respectively, during SNWE treatment for 72 h. Results: The cytotoxic effect was significant in both cell lines, with IC50 values of 4.26 µg/mL and 5.30 µg/mL in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, respectively. The 24, 48, and 72 h treatments of 100 µg/mL SNWE showed 0.85 ± 0.07, 0.38 ± 0.1, and 0.20 ± 0.1 nM ATP in MCF-7 cells and 0.94 ± 0.07, 0.84 ± 0.2 and 0.46 ± 0.2 nM in MDA-MB-231 cells, respectively. The SNWE treatment altered the mitochondrial membrane potential (∆Ψm) in a concentration-dependent manner in both the breast cancer cell lines, to 29.6 ± 4.1% in MCF-7 and 28.7 ± 4.17% in MDA-MB-231 cells, when compared with healthy mitochondria (100% ∆Ψm). Conclusions: The cytotoxic effects of Solanum nigrum against breast cancer cells are associated with energy metabolism. Additional studies are warranted to test the anticancer effect of Solanum nigrum using an animal model of breast cancer.

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“…Cancer applications of SGAs have been extensively reviewed in the last 10 years [ 166 , 167 , 168 , 180 , 181 , 182 , 183 , 184 , 185 , 186 , 187 ].Accordingly, we decided not to dive deeply into this field of research. However, in the last 10 years, several SGAs have shown interesting anti-cancer properties, which are listed in Table 2 .…”

Section: Therapeutic Context— Solanum S(g)asmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Therapeutic Value of Solanum Steroidal (Glyco)Alkaloids: A 10-Year Comprehensive Review

et al. 2023

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Steroidal (glycol)alkaloids S(G)As are secondary metabolites made of a nitrogen-containing steroidal skeleton linked to a (poly)saccharide, naturally occurring in the members of the Solanaceae and Liliaceae plant families. The genus Solanum is familiar to all of us as a food source (tomato, potato, eggplant), but a few populations have also made it part of their ethnobotany for their medicinal properties. The recent development of the isolation, purification and analysis techniques have shed light on the structural diversity among the SGAs family, thus attracting scientists to investigate their various pharmacological properties. This review aims to overview the recent literature (2012–2022) on the pharmacological benefits displayed by the SGAs family. Over 17 different potential therapeutic applications (antibiotic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, etc.) were reported over the past ten years, and this unique review analyzes each pharmacological effect independently without discrimination of either the SGA’s chemical identity or their sources. A strong emphasis is placed on the discovery of their biological targets and the subsequent cellular mechanisms, discussing in vitro to in vivo biological data. The therapeutic value and the challenges of the solanum steroidal glycoalkaloid family is debated to provide new insights for future research towards clinical development.

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A narrative review of the antitumor studies of solanine

Cited by 14 publications

References 35 publications

Alpha-solanine inhibits endothelial inflammation via nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway

Alpha-solanine inhibits endothelial inflammation via nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway

The Role of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cytotoxic Effects of Solanum nigrum Water Extract on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells

The Therapeutic Value of Solanum Steroidal (Glyco)Alkaloids: A 10-Year Comprehensive Review

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