2018
DOI: 10.1016/j.peh.2018.02.001
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A narrative review of the naturally occurring inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) called phenibut in dietary supplements

Abstract: A narrative review of the naturally occurring inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) called phenibut in dietary supplements.

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Cited by 10 publications
(18 citation statements)
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“…Phenibut was one of these compounds produced by simply removing the chlorine atom of baclofen [83]. The compound showed anxiolytic and nootropic effects, but was quickly identified as not selective for the GABA B -R [99]. Other studies aimed to rigidify the baclofen structure by introducing groups such as ethylene and propylene, but without luck [83].…”
Section: Orthosteric Ligandsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Phenibut was one of these compounds produced by simply removing the chlorine atom of baclofen [83]. The compound showed anxiolytic and nootropic effects, but was quickly identified as not selective for the GABA B -R [99]. Other studies aimed to rigidify the baclofen structure by introducing groups such as ethylene and propylene, but without luck [83].…”
Section: Orthosteric Ligandsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Among these, GABA, tolibut, picamilon, phenibut, and fphenibut were discussed in the psychonauts' fora as having tranquillizing as well as nootropic properties ( Table 8). There is increasing evidence suggesting that phenibut, a potent psychoactive substance with GABA-B agonist properties which is often sold as a "dietary supplement", can induce withdrawal and physical dependence which makes its use dangerous (72)(73)(74)(75)(76). f-phenibut, which is closely related to phenibut, is a central nervous system depressant (72); tolibut is a GABA analog that was developed in Russia (77), similarly to picamilon, which is formed by a synthetic combination of niacin and g-aminobutyric acid (GABA).…”
Section: Gabaergic Drugsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For several years, there has been an apparent increase in the number of nootropic products available for sale online that contain phenibut 97 . Some of these are indicated to be DS according to the labels.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…96 For several years, there has been an apparent increase in the number of nootropic products available for sale online that contain phenibut. 97 Some of these are indicated to be DS according to the labels. Others are sold as chemicals for research use only, a growing practice used to offer substances for human consumption without categorizing them as food or DS in an attempt to shield them from regulators.…”
Section: Racetams Including Piracetam Noopept and Phenylpiracetammentioning
confidence: 99%