“…In one of the studies ( 27), the response rate was 74.1 % among the physicians, and 100 % among the other health professionals. In the others, the response rates were 50 %-59 % (20,23,25), 60 %-69 % (22,26,30,31), 70 %-79 % (16,18), 80 %-89 % (19,21), 90 %-99 % (12-15, 17, 24,33) and 100 % (32).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 96%
“…Ten articles (13,14,17,18,20,22,24,25,27,33) used the HSOPSC questionnaire as data collection instrument; another ten articles (12,15,16,21,23,26,28,(30)(31)(32) used SAQ, and two (19,29) made use of PSCHO.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The objectives of the studies varied between investigating the interaction between the safety environment and the safety culture (14), analyzing the perception of the patient's safety environment by health professionals (15,29,31,32), investigating/ evaluating the patient safety culture (12,13,16,(26)(27)(28)33), assessing the perceptions about the patient safety culture among the health professionals (17-19, 21, 23, 24, 30), examining whether the safety culture has improved after the implementation of the patient safety program (22), assessing the associations between the dimensions of the patient safety culture and the perceived notification practices of safety events of varying severity (25), and investigating the relationships between dimensions of the patient safety culture in different cultures (20).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In research studies on the safety culture, the dimensions that presented high values of positive answers were teamwork within the units (13,17,18,24,33), organizational learningcontinuous improvement (17,18,24,33), supervisor/manager expectations and actions promoting patient safety (24), and frequency of event reporting (22,27).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The dimensions that recorded lower values of positive answers were non-punitive responses to error (13,17,18,22,25,33) and frequency of event reporting (17,24), communication openness (18,22), the general perception of patient safety (22), and management support for patient safety (13,27).…”
Objective: To identify the effect of the organizational culture on patient safety in the hospital context.
Materials and methods: A systematic review, without meta-analysis, registered in PROSPERO with number CRD42020162981. Cross-sectional and observational studies were selected that assessed the safety environment and safety culture published between 2014 and 2020 in journals indexed in the EMBASE, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (Literatura Latinoamericana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, LILACS) via the Virtual Health Library (Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, BVS), Medline (International Literature in Health Sciences) via PubMed, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL).
Results: The findings show that a positive safety environment exerts a beneficial effect on the safety culture, favors the notification of events, and enables improvements in the quality of health care.
Conclusions: The effective interaction between safety culture and organizational culture is still scarce in the literature. Most of the studies carried out investigate the situational diagnosis and little progress is made in terms of deepening the implications for the professional practice and the repercussions for the safety of hospitalized patients.
“…In one of the studies ( 27), the response rate was 74.1 % among the physicians, and 100 % among the other health professionals. In the others, the response rates were 50 %-59 % (20,23,25), 60 %-69 % (22,26,30,31), 70 %-79 % (16,18), 80 %-89 % (19,21), 90 %-99 % (12-15, 17, 24,33) and 100 % (32).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 96%
“…Ten articles (13,14,17,18,20,22,24,25,27,33) used the HSOPSC questionnaire as data collection instrument; another ten articles (12,15,16,21,23,26,28,(30)(31)(32) used SAQ, and two (19,29) made use of PSCHO.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The objectives of the studies varied between investigating the interaction between the safety environment and the safety culture (14), analyzing the perception of the patient's safety environment by health professionals (15,29,31,32), investigating/ evaluating the patient safety culture (12,13,16,(26)(27)(28)33), assessing the perceptions about the patient safety culture among the health professionals (17-19, 21, 23, 24, 30), examining whether the safety culture has improved after the implementation of the patient safety program (22), assessing the associations between the dimensions of the patient safety culture and the perceived notification practices of safety events of varying severity (25), and investigating the relationships between dimensions of the patient safety culture in different cultures (20).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In research studies on the safety culture, the dimensions that presented high values of positive answers were teamwork within the units (13,17,18,24,33), organizational learningcontinuous improvement (17,18,24,33), supervisor/manager expectations and actions promoting patient safety (24), and frequency of event reporting (22,27).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The dimensions that recorded lower values of positive answers were non-punitive responses to error (13,17,18,22,25,33) and frequency of event reporting (17,24), communication openness (18,22), the general perception of patient safety (22), and management support for patient safety (13,27).…”
Objective: To identify the effect of the organizational culture on patient safety in the hospital context.
Materials and methods: A systematic review, without meta-analysis, registered in PROSPERO with number CRD42020162981. Cross-sectional and observational studies were selected that assessed the safety environment and safety culture published between 2014 and 2020 in journals indexed in the EMBASE, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (Literatura Latinoamericana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, LILACS) via the Virtual Health Library (Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, BVS), Medline (International Literature in Health Sciences) via PubMed, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL).
Results: The findings show that a positive safety environment exerts a beneficial effect on the safety culture, favors the notification of events, and enables improvements in the quality of health care.
Conclusions: The effective interaction between safety culture and organizational culture is still scarce in the literature. Most of the studies carried out investigate the situational diagnosis and little progress is made in terms of deepening the implications for the professional practice and the repercussions for the safety of hospitalized patients.
Objectives
Safety culture questionnaires are widely used in healthcare to understand how staff feel at work, their attitudes and views, and the influence this has on safe and high-quality patient care. A known challenge of safety culture questionnaires is achieving high response rates to enhance reliability and validity. This review examines predictors of response rates, explores reasons provided for low response rates and identifies strategies to improve those rates.
Methods
Four bibliometric databases were searched for studies assessing safety culture in hospitals from January 2008 to May 2022. Data were extracted from 893 studies that included a safety culture questionnaire conducted in the hospital setting. Regression was used to predict response rate based on recruitment and data collection methods (incentives, reminders, method of survey administration) and country income classification. Reasons for low response were thematically analysed and used to identify strategies to improve response rates.
Results
Of the 893 studies that used a questionnaire to assess safety culture in hospitals, 75.6% reported a response rate. Response rates varied from 4.2% to 100%, with a mean response rate of 66.5% (SD=21.0). Regression analyses showed that safety culture questionnaires conducted in low-income and middle-income countries were significantly more likely to yield a higher response rate compared with high-income countries. Mode of administration, questionnaire length and timing of administration were identified as key factors. Remote methods of questionnaire data collection (electronic and by post) were significantly less likely to result in a higher response rate. Reasons provided for low response included: survey fatigue, time constraints, and lack of resources.
Conclusion
This review presents strategies for researchers and hospital staff to implement when conducting safety culture questionnaires: principally, distribute questionnaires in-person, during meetings or team training sessions; use a local champion; and consider the appropriate time of distribution to manage survey fatigue.
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