A National Survey on Mental Health Professional Development in Juvenile Justice Facilities: Implications for Youth Reentry

Gagnon, Joseph Calvin; Swank, Jacqueline M.

doi:10.1177/0198742920911183

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Such inconsistencies also may influence the implementation of universal mental health interventions as part of the Tier 1 framework. For instance, a national survey on staff mental health training in juvenile facilities found that mental health directors received the most training, while teachers and frontline staff received the least (Gagnon & Swank, 2017). To improve Tier 1 implementation fidelity, researchers need to identify effective ways to train all staff in their adopted evidence-based mental health and trauma-related interventions.…”

Section: Implications For Researchersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using the PBIS Framework to Meet the Mental Health Needs of Youth in Juvenile Justice Facilities

Kumm

Mathur

Cassavaugh

et al. 2020

Remedial and Special Education

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Youth in juvenile justice facilities may experience symptoms of mental health disorders and trauma at a higher rate than their normative peers. As a result, juvenile justice facilities have become de facto mental health agencies, resulting in an increased need to provide interventions that can meet the various needs of their residents. Embedding mental health and trauma-informed care into tiered facility-wide positive behavioral interventions and supports (FW-PBIS) is an emerging practice to meet a multitude of youth mental health symptoms. In this article, we provide examples of how mental health and trauma-informed care can be interwoven into an FW-PBIS framework by using a data-based decision-making process to guide the implementation of tiered evidence-based interventions, and we offer implications for practice and research.

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Section: Implications For Researchersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using the PBIS Framework to Meet the Mental Health Needs of Youth in Juvenile Justice Facilities

Kumm

Mathur

Cassavaugh

et al. 2020

Remedial and Special Education

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“…Second, it may be that any inadequacies in training could impact the study results. In general, JCF education and correctional staff are rarely provided professional development related to mental health and when it is provided, it is often a single day and viewed as ineffective by participants (Gagnon & Swank, 2021). As such, staff may not have the knowledge-base to enact interventions if provided cursory training.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental health interventions for youth who are incarcerated: A systematic review of literature.

Gagnon¹,

Benedick²,

Mason-Williams³

2022

American Journal of Orthopsychiatry

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To promote the safety and well-being of youth who are incarcerated, the U.S. Departments of Justice and Education identified the importance of evidence-based mental health interventions. The purpose of this systematic review is to summarize and synthesize intervention research focusing on the mental health of youth who are incarcerated since the publication of Guiding Principles for Providing High-Quality Education in Juvenile Justice Secure Care Settings. ProQuest and Ebsco databases were searched to identify relevant published studies from 2015 to 2020. Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria. Studies mainly focused on cognitive-behavior interventions and included the following outcome domains: symptoms, functioning, personal growth, and multiple domains. To evaluate study quality, modified versions of Gersten et al.'s (2005) group design and Mulcahy et al.'s (2016) single-case design quality indicators were used.Of concern are the small number of studies, methodological limitations within studies, and lack of a common intervention and outcomes of focus that limit individual study conclusions and evaluation across studies. In particular, studies rarely included necessary information, such as participant mental health characteristics, interventionist training or qualifications, intervention details, and/or measures/reports of treatment integrity. For the Guiding Principles to be realized, one key issue is for government funding to target high-quality mental health interventions in juvenile correctional facilities within identified target areas. Public Policy Relevance StatementNo systematic literature review has addressed progress on mental health interventions since the publication of the Guiding Principles for Providing High-Quality Education in Juvenile Justice Secure Care Settings. This review brings to light the urgent need for high-quality research that continues to consider effects on symptoms, functioning, and personal growth as outcomes, as well as additional short-and long-term outcomes. While some of the reviewed interventions appear promising in the secure care setting and are based on solid research, additional studies are needed to clearly chart a path forward for research, policy, and practice. aaa T he core philosophy of the juvenile correctional system in the U.S. is that youth are qualitatively different than adults and they can be educated and rehabilitated (Gagnon & Barber, 2019). This view has been substantiated by neuroscience (Steinberg, 2009) and supported via court decisions (e.g., Graham v. Florida, 2010;Roper v. Simmons, 2005). However, the promise of education and rehabilitation has too often been unfulfilled. In response, the U.S. Departments of Education and Justice (U.S. DOE/DOJ) collaborated to publish the groundbreaking Guiding Principles for Providing High-Quality Education in Juvenile Justice Secure Care Settings (2014). While providing a framework for practice, continued research is necessary within each of the principles to provide further guidance to practitioners.Consider...

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“…Working at JJFs can be stressful and demanding, and staff may experience a phenomenon called "Corrections Fatigue," which refers to a prolonged type of fatigue generated by facing the stressors in corrections for an extended period of time (James & Vanco, 2021). As Gagnon and Swank (2021) found, professional development (PD) rarely occurred more than once per year, and it did not include recommended attributes, such as coaching, mentoring, and follow up, and was "commonly viewed as ineffective" (p. 149). Furthermore, PD participation rates for mental health-related PD topics were usually provided to only 30%-40% of professionals other than clinical directors and counselors.…”

Section: Staffingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Council for Exceptional Children, Division of Emotional and Behavioral Health’s Position Statement on Solitary Confinement

Gagnon

Kern

Mathur

2021

Behavioral Disorders

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This document, from the Council for Exceptional Children, Division of Emotional and Behavioral Health (DEBH), provides clear and compelling support for the abolishment of solitary confinement with incarcerated youth and young adults in juvenile and adult correctional facilities. This is the first position statement from DEBH on the topic, and the information includes (a) a definition of solitary confinement, (b) discussion of its use, (c) an explanation of the impacts of solitary confinement on youth, (d) identification of systemic issues that perpetuate the use of solitary confinement, (e) an examination of U.S. laws concerning the use of solitary confinement, (f) a declaration of principles, and (g) recommendations for policy and practice.

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A National Survey on Mental Health Professional Development in Juvenile Justice Facilities: Implications for Youth Reentry

Cited by 8 publications

References 50 publications

Using the PBIS Framework to Meet the Mental Health Needs of Youth in Juvenile Justice Facilities

Using the PBIS Framework to Meet the Mental Health Needs of Youth in Juvenile Justice Facilities

Mental health interventions for youth who are incarcerated: A systematic review of literature.

The Council for Exceptional Children, Division of Emotional and Behavioral Health’s Position Statement on Solitary Confinement

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