A nationwide outbreak of Salmonella Bovismorbificans PT24, Germany, December 2004-March 2005.

Gilsdorf, Andreas; Jansen, Andreas; Alpers, Katharina; Dieckmann, H.; Treeck, Ulrich van; Hauri, Anja M.; Fell, Gerhard; Littmann, Martina; Rautenberg, Peter; Prager, Rita; Rabsch, Wolfgang; Roggentin, Peter; Miko, Angelika; Bartelt, E.; Bräunig, J.; Ammon, Andrea

doi:10.2807/esw.10.12.02667-en

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Typhimurium circulate among the studied raccoon population. S. Bovismorbificans is a serovar that has been previously associated with outbreaks in humans, especially in developed countries (Blaylock et al, ; Gilsdorf et al, ; Hendriksen et al, ; Mattila et al, ). It can colonize and persist in different species of animals and may contaminate meat products for human consumption (Nógrády, Imre, Kostyák, Tóth, & Nagy, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…S. Bovismorbificans is a serovar that has been previously associated with outbreaks in humans, especially in developed countries (Blaylock et al, 2015;Gilsdorf et al, 2005;Hendriksen et al, 2011;Mattila et al, 1998). It can colonize and persist in different species of animals and may contaminate meat products for human consumption (Nógrády, Imre, Kostyák, Tóth, & Nagy, 2010 raccoons were similar to those recovered from clinically ill patients in Pennsylvania, USA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Salmonellosis detection and evidence of antibiotic resistance in an urban raccoon population in a highly populated area, Costa Rica

Baldi

Barquero-Calvo

Hutter

et al. 2019

Zoonoses and Public Health

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Wild animals are involved in zoonotic disease transmission cycles. These are generally complex and poorly understood, especially among animals adapted to life in human ecosystems. Raccoons are reservoirs and effective carriers for infectious agents such as Salmonella throughout different environments and contribute to the transference of resistance genes. This study examined the presence of circulating Salmonella sp. in a population of raccoons in a tropical urban environment and evaluated resistance to antibiotics commonly used to treat salmonellosis. A total of 97 raccoons of different ages and sex were included in this study. 49% (38–60 CI) of the faecal samples were positive for Salmonella spp. The study identified 15 circulating serovars with the most prevalent being S. Hartford (7/15), S. Typhimurium (4/15) and S. Bovismorbificans (4/15). These serovars correspond to the serovars detected in humans with clinical symptoms in Costa Rica. 9.5% of the Salmonella strains recovered demonstrated ciprofloxacin resistance, and 7.1% showed resistance to nalidixic acid. This study provides evidence of multiple Salmonella serovars circulating in a population of urban raccoons in Costa Rica. Furthermore, the study confirms the existence of antimicrobial resistance to two antibiotics used to treat human salmonellosis. The findings emphasize the role of the raccoon as a reservoir of Salmonella in the Greater Metropolitan Area of Costa Rica (GAM) and stress the need for active monitoring of the presence and possible spread in antibiotic resistance due to this peri‐domestic carnivore.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salmonellosis detection and evidence of antibiotic resistance in an urban raccoon population in a highly populated area, Costa Rica

Baldi

Barquero-Calvo

Hutter

et al. 2019

Zoonoses and Public Health

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“…Fermented ready‐to‐eat (RTE) sausages are included in this risk assessment because they have been known to cause outbreaks of salmonellosis and we were specifically told by EFSA that a product that is not heat‐treated during production nor prepared at the consumer phase should be included in the QMRA.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Approach to Cluster EU Member States into Groups According to Pathways of Salmonella in the Farm‐to‐Consumption Chain for Pork Products

et al. 2016

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The aim of the project as the cluster analysis was to in part to develop a generic structured quantitative microbiological risk assessment (QMRA) model of human salmonellosis due to pork consumption in EU member states (MSs), and the objective of the cluster analysis was to group the EU MSs according to the relative contribution of different pathways of Salmonella in the farm-to-consumption chain of pork products. In the development of the model, by selecting a case study MS from each cluster the model was developed to represent different aspects of pig production, pork production, and consumption of pork products across EU states. The objective of the cluster analysis was to aggregate MSs into groups of countries with similar importance of different pathways of Salmonella in the farm-to-consumption chain using available, and where possible, universal register data related to the pork production and consumption in each country. Based on MS-specific information about distribution of (i) small and large farms, (ii) small and large slaughterhouses, (iii) amount of pork meat consumed, and (iv) amount of sausages consumed we used nonhierarchical and hierarchical cluster analysis to group the MSs. The cluster solutions were validated internally using statistic measures and externally by comparing the clustered MSs with an estimated human incidence of salmonellosis due to pork products in the MSs. Finally, each cluster was characterized qualitatively using the centroids of the clusters.

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“…Several outbreaks attributed to the consumption of fermented sausage have been reported. (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17) The output of the consumption module is the number of Salmonellae ingested per person per day, for each pig meat product and each case study MS. This feeds into the final module, where the risk of illness is modeled using a dose-response relation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A QMRA Model for Salmonella in Pork Products During Preparation and Consumption

2016

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As part of a quantitative microbiological risk assessment (QMRA) food chain model, this article describes a model for the consumer phase for Salmonella-contaminated pork products. Three pork products were chosen as a proxy for the entire pork product spectrum: pork cuts, minced meat patties, and fermented sausages. For pork cuts cross-contamination is considered the most important process and therefore it is modeled in detail. For minced meat, both cross-contamination and undercooking are the relevant processes. For those commodities bacterial growth during transport and storage is also modeled. Fermented sausages are eaten raw and the production may be defective. Variability between consumers' behavior and the impact of variability between production processes at the farm and abattoir are taken into account. Results indicate that Salmonella levels on products may increase significantly during transport and storage. Heating is very efficient at lowering concentrations, yet cross-contamination plays an important role in products that remain contaminated. For fermented sausage it is found that drying is important for Salmonella reduction. Sensitivity analysis revealed that cross- contamination factors "knife cleaning" and "preparation of a salad" are important parameters for pork cuts. For minced meat cleaning of the board, salad consumption, refrigerator temperature, and storage time were significant.

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A nationwide outbreak of Salmonella Bovismorbificans PT24, Germany, December 2004-March 2005.

Abstract: Since late 2004, there has been an increase in notifications of Salmonella enterica serovar Bovismorbificans infections in northwest Germany.

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Salmonellosis detection and evidence of antibiotic resistance in an urban raccoon population in a highly populated area, Costa Rica

Salmonellosis detection and evidence of antibiotic resistance in an urban raccoon population in a highly populated area, Costa Rica

An Approach to Cluster EU Member States into Groups According to Pathways of Salmonella in the Farm‐to‐Consumption Chain for Pork Products

A QMRA Model for Salmonella in Pork Products During Preparation and Consumption

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