A natural cement analogue study to understand the long-term behaviour of cements in nuclear waste repositories: Maqarin (Jordan)

Martin, Lukas H.J.; Leemann, Andreas; Milodowski, Antoni E.; Mäder, Urs; Münch, Beat; Giroud, Niels

doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2016.05.009

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The analogy between the Hatrurim pyrometamorphic rocks and concretes and cement was made previously. The mineralogy and composition of high-temperature spurrite-, gehlenite-and larnite-bearing marbles are similar to that of the Portland cement and belite (the synthetic counterpart of larnite) sulfoaluminate cement [52,[68][69][70]. The products of their low-temperature alteration are similar to carbonated Portland mortars [52,69].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mineralogy and composition of high-temperature spurrite-, gehlenite-and larnite-bearing marbles are similar to that of the Portland cement and belite (the synthetic counterpart of larnite) sulfoaluminate cement [52,[68][69][70]. The products of their low-temperature alteration are similar to carbonated Portland mortars [52,69]. Products of low-temperature alteration of gehlenite-bearing marbles, katoite-bearing rocks, also resemble belite sulfoaluminate mortar [70].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mineralogical, Geochemical, and Rock Mechanic Characteristics of Zeolite-Bearing Rocks of the Hatrurim Basin, Israel

et al. 2021

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The Hatrurim Basin, Israel, is located on the western border of the Dead Sea Transform. This is one of the localities of a unique pyrometamorphic complex whose genesis remains problematic. This paper deals with zeolite-bearing rock that is known in the Hatrurim Basin only. The strata subjected to zeolitization is called the “olive unit” and consists of anorthite–pyroxene (diopside–esseneite) hornfels. Zeolitization occurred in an alkaline environment provided by the interaction of meteoric water with Portland-cement-like rocks of the Hatrurim Complex. The resulting zeolite-bearing rocks contain 20–30% zeolitic material. The main zeolitic minerals are calcic: thomsonite-Ca ± Sr, phillipsite-Ca, gismondine-Ca, and clinoptilolite-Ca. The remainder is calcite, diopsidic pyroxene, garnets (either Ti-andradite and/or hydrogrossular), and less frequently, fluorapatite, opal, and others. Their major mineralogical and chemical compositions resemble carbonated zeolite-blended Portland mortar. Rocks show different values of porosity. Their mechanical characteristics are much better for samples with porosity values below 24%. The related parameters are like those of blended concretes. The minimal age of zeolitization is 5 Ka. The natural zeolite-bearing rocks are resistant to weathering in the Levant desert climate.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineralogical, Geochemical, and Rock Mechanic Characteristics of Zeolite-Bearing Rocks of the Hatrurim Basin, Israel

et al. 2021

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“…Based on their outcomes, there is a broad technical consensus that geologic disposal will meet the safety requirement to minimize safety and environmental impacts, now and far into the future (Grambow and Bretesché 2014), meaning a hundred thousand to million years into the future. Demonstrating safety over time comparable to geological timescales relies on a rigorous, complex and iterative scientific approach referred to as "long-term behavior science" that is based upon three pillars: experiments, modeling, and natural/archaeological analogs (Poinssot and Gin 2012;Dillmann et al 2014;Alexander et al 2015;Martin et al 2016). Today, numerical models are ubiquitous tools that can be used either for long-term predictive evaluation of solute transport or design optimization of nuclear waste geologic repositories (Tsang et al 1994;Johnson et al 2017).…”

Section: A Need For Numerical Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

RTM for Waste Repositories

Bildstein

Claret

Frugier

2019

Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry

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“…This property can be exploited for the treatment of industrial wastes. Ion exchange properties can adversely influence the reliability of cement-based hazardous waste storages. − Industrial synthesis of ettringite includes precipitation from the reactant containing suspension, along with product purification and dehydration . Typical laboratory syntheses follow similar routes, thus remaining time and energy consuming and generating CO 2 emissions and waste water. − Hence, a sustainable and clean synthesis of ettringite could be an alternative or a complementary way for the industrial applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ettringite via Mechanochemistry: A Green and Rapid Approach for Industrial Application

et al. 2019

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Here, we report on a first mechanochemical synthesis of ettringite, an important cement hydrate phase. The mineral compound ettringite ([Ca 3 Al(OH) 6 ] 2 ·(SO 4 ) 3 ·26H 2 O) occurs rarely in nature, but is common for cement-based materials. Ettringite has wide technical application in the ceramic and paper industry. However, its typical wet-chemical synthesis is cumbersome and produces waste water and CO 2 emissions. Here, we investigate the first mechanochemical synthesis of ettringite for developing an easy and sustainable alternative for industrial application. The mechanosynthesis was monitored in situ by coupled synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) and infrared thermography (IRT). The consumption of the reactants and the formation of the reaction product were monitored with time-resolved XRD. IRT showed the temperature increase based on the exothermic reaction. The reaction conversion was significantly improved changing the strategy of the mechanosynthesis from a one- to a two-step process. The latter included neat pregrinding of solid reactants followed by a delayed addition of the stoichiometric amount of water. Thus, an increase of reaction conversion from 34 to 94% of ettringite could be achieved.

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A natural cement analogue study to understand the long-term behaviour of cements in nuclear waste repositories: Maqarin (Jordan)

Cited by 18 publications

References 16 publications

Mineralogical, Geochemical, and Rock Mechanic Characteristics of Zeolite-Bearing Rocks of the Hatrurim Basin, Israel

Mineralogical, Geochemical, and Rock Mechanic Characteristics of Zeolite-Bearing Rocks of the Hatrurim Basin, Israel

RTM for Waste Repositories

Ettringite via Mechanochemistry: A Green and Rapid Approach for Industrial Application

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