A Natural Supramolecular Saponin Hydrogelator for Creation of Ultrastable and Thermostimulable Food‐Grade Foams

Surface phase transitions in surfactant adsorption layers are known to affect the dynamic properties of foams and to induce surface nucleation in freezing emulsion drops. Recently, these transitions were found to play a role in several other phenomena, opening new opportunities for controlling foam and emulsion properties. This review presents a brief outlook of the emerging opportunities in this area. Three topics are emphasized: (1) The use of surfactant mixtures for inducing phase transitions on bubble surfaces in foams; (2) The peculiar properties of natural surfactants saponins which form extremely viscoelastic surface layers; and (3) The main phenomena in emulsions, for which the surface phase transitions areimportant. The overall conclusion from the reviewed literature is that surface phase transitions could be used as a powerful tool to control many foam and emulsion properties, but we need deeper understanding of the underlying phenomena to explore fully these opportunities.

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“…Stable foams were formed by solutions of glycyrrhizic acid (GA) in which saponin nanofibrils were formed and stabilized the bubbles [74].…”

Section: (D) Saponin Adsorption Layers and Saponin-stabilized Foamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface phase transitions in foams and emulsions

Denkov

Cholakova

2019

Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science

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“…This phenomenon occurs due to amphiphilic structure which shows the presence of lipophilic as well as hydrophilic moiety in it (Kim et al., 2020). This forms the foam‐like structures by entrapping the oil and water (Ma et al., 2019). The complexes with fat and proteins are difficult to digest.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on assessment of safety and nutritional quality of shallot waste fractions

Bhosale

Varghese

Thivya

et al. 2020

J. Food Process. Preserv.

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The production and processing of shallot expels different waste that has never been emphasized for composition and potential applications. These waste streams were initially analyzed for safety. Further, they were analyzed for sugar profile, fatty acid profile, mineral profile, and phytochemicals. The waste streams were found safe for application in food systems. All the streams were found rich in fiber and shallot peel contains 54.76%, highest among all. The fatty acid profile of fat extracted from shallot waste showed the abundance of saturated fatty acids in peel, stalk, and petiole. Unlike other, shallot flower fat contains 55.44% and 31.69% of linoleic (omega‐6 fatty acid) and oleic acid (omega‐9 fatty acids), respectively. Moreover, waste streams were good source of minerals and most significantly petiole contains 2,355.730 mg/kg iron. The waste streams were also found to contain a spectrum of phytochemicals and most significant compound is β‐sitosterol found in all waste streams. Practical applications Shallot (Allium cepa var. aggregatum) is widely consumed throughout the world. Distinct production practices and processing of shallot expel various waste viz. peel, stalk, flower, and petiole. Most of these waste end up in landfill causing environmental pollution. Moreover, disposal as mere waste causes losses of various high value active compounds. Peel from Allium cepa L. has been studied widely for its composition and application and found to be rich in the active compounds such as quercetin, fructo‐oligosacharides, etc. However, such compositional data are not available for shallot wastes affecting its utilization. The compositional study of shallot waste may pave the way for its effective utilization directly as food ingredient or source of active compounds. In a nutshell, shallot waste are cheap source of various active compounds, soluble and insoluble dietary fibers, flavoring oil, and their effective utilization may give mutual economic and environmental benefits to producers and processors. This study emphasized the onion waste as a potential source for various food application.

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“…4) with specific mechanical properties (Li et al, 2020;Wan et al, 2018). The self-assembly of supramolecular GLR nanofibrils can be exploited to form ultrastable, thermostimulable, and processable foams (Ma et al, 2019).…”

Section: Improved Glr Formulation For In Vivo Administrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycyrrhizin: An alternative drug for the treatment of COVID-19 infection and the associated respiratory syndrome?

Bailly

Vergoten

2020

Pharmacology & Therapeutics

252

205

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Safe and efficient drugs to combat the current COVID-19 pandemic are urgently needed. In this context, we have analyzed the anti-coronavirus potential of the natural product glycyrrhizic acid (GLR), a drug used to treat liver diseases (including viral hepatitis) and specific cutaneous inflammation (such as atopic dermatitis) in some countries. The properties of GLR and its primary active metabolite glycyrrhetinic acid are presented and discussed. GLR has shown activities against different viruses, including SARS-associated Human and animal coronaviruses. GLR is a non-hemolytic saponin and a potent immuno-active anti-inflammatory agent which displays both cytoplasmic and membrane effects. At the membrane level, GLR induces cholesterol-dependent disorganization of lipid rafts which are important for the entry of coronavirus into cells. At the intracellular and circulating levels, GLR can trap the high mobility group box 1 protein and thus blocks the alarmin functions of HMGB1. We used molecular docking to characterize further and discuss both the cholesterol-and HMG boxbinding functions of GLR. The membrane and cytoplasmic effects of GLR, coupled with its long-established medical use as a relatively safe drug, make GLR a good candidate to be tested against the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, alone and in combination with other drugs. The rational supporting combinations with (hydroxy)chloroquine and tenofovir (two drugs active against SARS-CoV-2) is also discussed. Based on this analysis, we conclude that GLR should be further considered and rapidly evaluated for the treatment of patients with COVID-19.

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A Natural Supramolecular Saponin Hydrogelator for Creation of Ultrastable and Thermostimulable Food‐Grade Foams

Cited by 38 publications

References 60 publications

Surface phase transitions in foams and emulsions

Surface phase transitions in foams and emulsions

Studies on assessment of safety and nutritional quality of shallot waste fractions

Glycyrrhizin: An alternative drug for the treatment of COVID-19 infection and the associated respiratory syndrome?

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