A nearly complete skeleton of<i>Ernanodon</i>(Mammalia, Palaeanodonta) from Mongolia: morphofunctional analysis

Kondrashov, Peter; Agadzhanyan, A. K.

doi:10.1080/02724634.2012.694319

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…However, the enamel is much thicker than that of B. stardusti , as well as prismatic, and the morphology of their posterior lower premolars differs in having either more crests/cusps, or absent/incipient talonid (e.g. Ernanodon [ 49 , 50 ], Melaniella [ 51 ], Tubulodon [ 52 ]). In Mylanodon , p4 develops a talonid that narrows posteriorly, as in B. stardusti , but it lacks an anterior crest and the main cusp shows a vertical lingual groove [ 53 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Late Cretaceous mammal from Brazil and the first radioisotopic age for the Bauru Group

et al. 2018

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In the last three decades, records of tribosphenidan mammals from India, continental Africa, Madagascar and South America have challenged the notion of a strictly Laurasian distribution of the group during the Cretaceous. Here, we describe a lower premolar from the Late Cretaceous Adamantina Formation, São Paulo State, Brazil. It differs from all known fossil mammals, except for a putative eutherian from the same geologic unity and Deccanolestes hislopi, from the Maastrichtian of India. The incompleteness of the material precludes narrowing down its taxonomic attribution further than Tribosphenida, but it is larger than most coeval mammals and shows a thin layer of parallel crystallite enamel. The new taxon helps filling two major gaps in the fossil record: the paucity of Mesozoic mammals in more northern parts of South America and of tribosphenidans in the Cretaceous of that continent. In addition, high-precision U-Pb geochronology provided a post-Turonian maximal age (≤87.8 Ma) for the type stratum, which is overlain by the dinosaur-bearing Marília Formation, constraining the age of the Adamantina Formation at the site to late Coniacian–late Maastrichtian. This represents the first radioisotopic age for the Bauru Group, a key stratigraphic unit for the study of Cretaceous tetrapods in Gondwana.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Late Cretaceous mammal from Brazil and the first radioisotopic age for the Bauru Group

et al. 2018

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“…Plesiadapiformes, of which there were two genera in this dataset, are often, but not uncontentiously, considered to be close to the origin of Primates [29]. Also included in this dataset were two palaeanodonts, a group which has been considered ancestral to pangolins [30], and two creodonts, which are often reconstructed as a paraphyletic group of stem carnivorans (e.g. [31-33]).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Italicised taxonomic names are extinct groups, some of which are likely polyphyletic. Tree topology modified from Asher and Helgen [48], with extinct group placement based on various recent analyses or compilations [18,21-23,27,29,30,40,41]. This tree is intended to be illustrative of the diversity of groups covered in this analysis, and is not derived from any single phylogenetic analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing the inhibitory cascade model in Mesozoic and Cenozoic mammaliaforms

Halliday

Goswami

2013

BMC Evol Biol

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BackgroundMuch of the current research in the growing field of evolutionary development concerns relating developmental pathways to large-scale patterns of morphological evolution, with developmental constraints on variation, and hence diversity, a field of particular interest. Tooth morphology offers an excellent model system for such ‘evo-devo’ studies, because teeth are well preserved in the fossil record, and are commonly used in phylogenetic analyses and as ecological proxies. Moreover, tooth development is relatively well studied, and has provided several testable hypotheses of developmental influences on macroevolutionary patterns. The recently-described Inhibitory Cascade (IC) Model provides just such a hypothesis for mammalian lower molar evolution. Derived from experimental data, the IC Model suggests that a balance between mesenchymal activators and molar-derived inhibitors determines the size of the immediately posterior molar, predicting firstly that molars either decrease in size along the tooth row, or increase in size, or are all of equal size, and secondly that the second lower molar should occupy one third of lower molar area. Here, we tested the IC Model in a large selection of taxa from diverse extant and fossil mammalian groups, ranging from the Middle Jurassic (~176 to 161 Ma) to the Recent.ResultsResults show that most taxa (~65%) fell within the predicted areas of the Inhibitory Cascade Model. However, members of several extinct groups fell into the regions where m2 was largest, or rarely, smallest, including the majority of the polyphyletic “condylarths”. Most Mesozoic mammals fell near the centre of the space with equality of size in all three molars. The distribution of taxa was significantly clustered by diet and by phylogenetic group.ConclusionsOverall, the IC Model was supported as a plesiomorphic developmental system for Mammalia, suggesting that mammal tooth size has been subjected to this developmental constraint at least since the divergence of australosphenidans and boreosphenidans approximately 180 Ma. Although exceptions exist, including many ‘condylarths’, these are most likely to be secondarily derived states, rather than alternative ancestral developmental models for Mammalia.

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“…Pangolins are ancient creatures whose ancestors are thought to be members of a suborder of Palaeanodonta from some 60 million years ago ( 1 ). Pangolins are rare, toothless nocturnal burrowing mammals that are covered with tough, protective keratin scales over its whole body ( 2–4 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PGD: a pangolin genome hub for the research community

Tan

Hari

et al. 2016

Database

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Pangolins (order Pholidota) are the only mammals covered by scales. We have recently sequenced and analyzed the genomes of two critically endangered Asian pangolin species, namely the Malayan pangolin (Manis javanica) and the Chinese pangolin (Manis pentadactyla). These complete genome sequences will serve as reference sequences for future research to address issues of species conservation and to advance knowledge in mammalian biology and evolution. To further facilitate the global research effort in pangolin biology, we developed the Pangolin Genome Database (PGD), as a future hub for hosting pangolin genomic and transcriptomic data and annotations, and with useful analysis tools for the research community. Currently, the PGD provides the reference pangolin genome and transcriptome data, gene sequences and functional information, expressed transcripts, pseudogenes, genomic variations, organ-specific expression data and other useful annotations. We anticipate that the PGD will be an invaluable platform for researchers who are interested in pangolin and mammalian research. We will continue updating this hub by including more data, annotation and analysis tools particularly from our research consortium.Database URL: http://pangolin-genome.um.edu.my

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A nearly complete skeleton ofErnanodon(Mammalia, Palaeanodonta) from Mongolia: morphofunctional analysis

Cited by 11 publications

References 36 publications

A Late Cretaceous mammal from Brazil and the first radioisotopic age for the Bauru Group

A Late Cretaceous mammal from Brazil and the first radioisotopic age for the Bauru Group

Testing the inhibitory cascade model in Mesozoic and Cenozoic mammaliaforms

PGD: a pangolin genome hub for the research community

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