A network meta-analysis of risk factors of infection among close contacts of COVID-19

Zhang, Wei-wen; Li, Chen-xi; Cao, Shu-jing; Wang, Yu-yuan; Lu, Ze-xi; Sun, Jia-lin; Jing, Ming -xia

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20861

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 41 publications

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“…During this period, the main prevalent SARS-CoV-2 variants were BA.5.2 and BF.7 Omicron variants, 22 and the study participants were vaccinated with prototype strain of the virus but with no history of natural infection. 23,24 Three types of participants (Table 1) can be defined based on their contact types and exposure risk levels:…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nasal spray of an IgM‐like ACE2 fusion protein HH‐120 prevents SARS‐CoV‐2 infection: Two investigator‐initiated postexposure prophylaxis trials

Song,

Chen,

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Virology

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HH‐120, an IgM‐like angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) fusion protein, has been developed as a nasal spray against Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and is currently undergoing human trials. HH‐120 nasal spray was assessed for postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) in two investigator‐initiated (NS01 and NS02) trials with different risk levels of SARS‐CoV‐2 exposure. NS01 enrolled family caregiver participants who had continuous contacts with laboratory‐confirmed index cases; NS02 enrolled participants who had general contacts (Part 1) or close contacts (Part 2) with index cases. The primary endpoints were safety and laboratory‐confirmed and/or symptomatic SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. In NS01 trial (14 participants), the SARS‐CoV‐2 infection rates were 25% in the HH‐120 group and 83.3% in the external control group (relative risk reduction [RRR]: 70.0%). In NS02‐Part 1 (193 participants), the infection rates were 4% (HH‐120) versus 11.3% (placebo), symptomatic infection rates were 0.8% versus 3.5%, hence with a RRR of 64.6% and 77.1%, respectively. In Part 2 (76 participants), the infection rates were 17.1% (HH‐120) versus 30.4% (placebo), symptomatic infection rates were 7.5% versus 27.3%, with a RRR of 43.8% and 72.5%, respectively. No HH‐120‐related serious adverse effects were observed. The HH‐120 nasal spray used as PEP was safe and effective in preventing laboratory‐confirmed and symptomatic SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.

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Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nasal spray of an IgM‐like ACE2 fusion protein HH‐120 prevents SARS‐CoV‐2 infection: Two investigator‐initiated postexposure prophylaxis trials

Song,

Chen,

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Virology

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Risk assessment of infection of COVID‐19 contacts based on scenario simulation

Zhang,

Huang,

Wang

et al. 2024

Risk Analysis

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We constructed a rapid infection risk assessment model for contacts of COVID‐19. The improved Wells–Riley model was used to estimate the probability of infection for contacts of COVID‐19 in the same place and evaluate their risk grades. We used COVID‐19 outbreaks that were documented to validate the accuracy of the model. We analyzed the relationship between controllable factors and infection probability and constructed common scenarios to analyze the infection risk of contacts in different scenarios. The model showed the robustness of the fitting (mean relative error = 5.89%, mean absolute error = 2.03%, root mean squared error = 2.03%, R2 = 0.991). We found that improving ventilation from poorly ventilated to naturally ventilated and wearing masks can reduce the probability of infection by about two times. Contacts in places of light activity, loud talking or singing, and heavy exercise, oral breathing (e.g., gyms, KTV, choirs) were at higher risk of infection. The model constructed in this study can quickly and accurately assess the infection risk grades of COVID‐19 contacts. Simply opening doors and windows for ventilation can significantly reduce the risk of infection in certain places. The places of light activity, loud talking or singing, and heavy exercise, oral breathing, should pay more attention to prevent and control transmission of the epidemic.

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A network meta-analysis of risk factors of infection among close contacts of COVID-19

Cited by 2 publications

References 41 publications

Nasal spray of an IgM‐like ACE2 fusion protein HH‐120 prevents SARS‐CoV‐2 infection: Two investigator‐initiated postexposure prophylaxis trials

Nasal spray of an IgM‐like ACE2 fusion protein HH‐120 prevents SARS‐CoV‐2 infection: Two investigator‐initiated postexposure prophylaxis trials

Risk assessment of infection of COVID‐19 contacts based on scenario simulation

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