A Neurochemical and Electrophysiological Study on the Combined Effects of Caffeine and Nicotine in the Cortex of Rats

Mourad, Iman M.; Noor, Neveen A.; Mohammed, Haitham S.; Ezz, Heba S. Aboul; Khadrawy, Yasser A.

doi:10.32598/bcn.2021.2100.1

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 46 publications

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“…Detection of oxidative stress markers: GSH, SOD, CAT and NO levels were estimated using kits purchased from Biodiagnostic Co., Giza, Egypt. Lipid peroxidation end product (MDA) level was investigated according to the method described by Mourad et al 19 .…”

Section: Behavioural Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulatory Efficiency of LP/LF Nano-Combination on Neurochemical and Behavioural Retardations in the Brain of Induced-Epileptic Rats

Abdel-Wahh¹,

Ashry²,

Fakhara³

et al. 2022

Pakistan J. of Biological Sciences

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Background and Objective: Epilepsy is one of the normal neurological problems that came about because of strange electrical movements and prompt serious and far-reaching cell misfortune in the mind. This study aimed to investigate if a nano-Chitosan formulation loaded with bovine milk lactoperoxidase (LPO) and lactoferrin (LF) could prevent Lithium Chloride/Pilocarpine-induced epilepsy in rats or not. Materials and Methods: Adult male rats (200-250 g) were partitioned into four groups (8 animals each) as follows:Group (1) Normal rats served as control group and received saline orally, group (2) Normal rats ingested with a daily oral dose of LPO and LF-NPS formulation at 50 mg kgG 1 , group (3) Pilocarpine-induced epileptic rats and group (4) Epilepsy-modeled rats were treated with LPO+LF NPs (50 mg/kg/day, orally) for 6 weeks. Results: The results revealed that the administration of LPO+LF-NPs markedly improved the induced-epilepsy disorders, this was monitored from the significant reduction in the values of caspase-3, TNF-", IL-1$, CD4 + , MDA and NO coupled with remarkable raise in AchE-ase, dopamine, serotonin, SOD and GPx, CAT and GSH values in both brain regions. Conclusion: This study supported the anti-epilepsy features of LPO+LF-NPS against Lithium Chloride/Pilocarpine-induced epilepsy in rats through the improvement of the immune response, reduction of inflammation and restoration of the impaired oxidative stress status.

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Section: Behavioural Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulatory Efficiency of LP/LF Nano-Combination on Neurochemical and Behavioural Retardations in the Brain of Induced-Epileptic Rats

Abdel-Wahh¹,

Ashry²,

Fakhara³

et al. 2022

Pakistan J. of Biological Sciences

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Exposure to Nicotine and Withdrawal in Wistar Rats: An Electrophysiological Study

da SilvaTiago,

Fonseca,

Padilha da Silveira

et al. 2024

Nicotine and Tobacco Research

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Introduction Throughout the world, smoking is one of the principal causes of preventable death. Nicotine, the primary active component of tabacco, acts as a psychostimulant and modulates the electrical activity of a number of the areas of the brain involved in addiction. Abstinence from nicotine will also impact the functional state of the brain, which is reflected in symptoms of craving and susceptibility to relapse. In addition, given the increase in the sympathetic tone of the heart and pulse rate promoted by nicotine, its consumption can contribute to tachyarrhythmia Methods The present study investigated the electroencephalographic (EEG) and electrocardiographic (ECG) patterns of Wistar rats submitted to acute or chronic exposure to nicotine, followed by withdrawal for 24 or 48 hours, and the re-administration (or not) of nicotine, to simulate episodes of relapse. Results The EEG data revealed an increase in all types of brainwaves, with emphasis on high-frequency (alpha, beta, and gamma) brain oscillations following both acute and chronic exposure to nicotine (14 days), whereas in withdrawal, there was a predominancy of delta waves. When exposure to nicotine was reinstated after withdrawal, the observed EEG profile was similar to that found in chronic exposure. The electrocardiogram reads showed that both acute and chronic exposure to nicotine caused abnormalities in the atrioventricular conduction and that, while these changes improve with substance withdrawal, relapse can worsen these parameters. Conclusions The results of this study indicate that high-frequency brainwaves are correlated with nicotine dependence, while slow brain oscillations are consistent with drug craving, and episodes of nicotine relapse can reproduce brain activity patterns linked to dependence. Finally, exposure to nicotine predisposes the individual to heart rhythm abnormalities, which are attenuated by withdrawal, but may nevertheless be restored rapidly with re-exposure to the substance. Implications This study demonstrated that nicotine increases high-frequency brain oscillations, which is associated with addiction, whereas withdrawal elevates the delta wave power, suggesting craving. Re-exposure to nicotine following withdrawal restores rapidly the EEG profile of chronic dependence. In addition, nicotine has deleterious impacts on cardiac activity, which are linked to fatal arrhythmias. This implies that stopping smoking is beneficial for the amelioration of the alterations in heart rhythm caused by nicotine addiction. This study elucidates the functional states of the brain and heart during both sporadic and chronic nicotine use, and the electrophysiological explanation for substance dependence and drug relapse after craving episodes.

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A Neurochemical and Electrophysiological Study on the Combined Effects of Caffeine and Nicotine in the Cortex of Rats

Cited by 2 publications

References 46 publications

Modulatory Efficiency of LP/LF Nano-Combination on Neurochemical and Behavioural Retardations in the Brain of Induced-Epileptic Rats

Modulatory Efficiency of LP/LF Nano-Combination on Neurochemical and Behavioural Retardations in the Brain of Induced-Epileptic Rats

Exposure to Nicotine and Withdrawal in Wistar Rats: An Electrophysiological Study

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