A Neurotoxic Insecticide Promotes Fungal Infection in Aedes aegypti Larvae by Altering the Bacterial Community

Noskov, Yury A.; Kabilov, Мarsel R.; Polenogova, Olga; Yurchenko, Yury A.; Belevich, O. E.; Yaroslavtseva, O. N.; Alikina, Tatiana; Byvaltsev, Alexandr; Rotskaya, Ulyana; Morozova, Vera; Глупов, В. В.; Kryukov, V. Yu.

doi:10.1007/s00248-020-01567-w

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Moreover, different toxicants may affect the immune and stress reactions in the gut. These effects may lead to changes in the bacterial community and, consequently, to changes in the susceptibility to fungi 9,20 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Fungus Metarhizium robertsii and neurotoxic insecticide affect gut immunity and microbiota in Colorado potato beetles

Kryukov

Rotskaya

Yaroslavtseva

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Fungal infections and toxicoses caused by insecticides may alter microbial communities and immune responses in the insect gut. We investigated the effects of Metarhizium robertsii fungus and avermectins on the midgut physiology of Colorado potato beetle larvae. We analyzed changes in the bacterial community, immunity- and stress-related gene expression, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and detoxification enzyme activity in response to topical infection with the M. robertsii fungus, oral administration of avermectins, and a combination of the two treatments. Avermectin treatment led to a reduction in microbiota diversity and an enhancement in the abundance of enterobacteria, and these changes were followed by the downregulation of Stat and Hsp90, upregulation of transcription factors for the Toll and IMD pathways and activation of detoxification enzymes. Fungal infection also led to a decrease in microbiota diversity, although the changes in community structure were not significant, except for the enhancement of Serratia. Fungal infection decreased the production of ROS but did not affect the gene expression of the immune pathways. In the combined treatment, fungal infection inhibited the activation of detoxification enzymes and prevented the downregulation of the JAK-STAT pathway caused by avermectins. The results of this study suggest that fungal infection modulates physiological responses to avermectins and that fungal infection may increase avermectin toxicosis by blocking detoxification enzymes in the gut.

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confidence: 99%

Fungus Metarhizium robertsii and neurotoxic insecticide affect gut immunity and microbiota in Colorado potato beetles

Kryukov

Rotskaya

Yaroslavtseva

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…Species richness of core bacteria may be associated with host health [ 28 ]. Noskov et al [ 29 ] observed that avermectins decreased the relative abundance of gut bacteria in Aedes aegypti and reduced the abundance of Actinobacteria with strong antifungal activity, which further caused an accelerated mortality of A. aegypti after fungal infection. Therefore, bacterial communities that differ in species richness or composition may vary in their defensive ability against pathogens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associated bacteria of a pine sawyer beetle confer resistance to entomopathogenic fungi via fungal growth inhibition

Deng

et al. 2022

Environmental Microbiome

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Background The entomopathogenic Beauveria bassiana is a popular fungus used to control the Japanese pine sawyer, Monochamus alternatus Hope, the key vector of pine wood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) that is the causal agent of pine wilt disease, resulting in devastating losses of pines in China and Portugal. However, recent studies have demonstrated that some insect-associated bacteria might decrease fungal toxicity and further undermine its biological control efficacy against M. alternatus. Thus, it is of great significance to uncover whether and how associated bacteria of M. alternatus become involved in the infection process of B. bassiana. Results Here, we show that axenic M. alternatus larvae died significantly faster than non-axenic larvae infected by four increasing concentrations of B. bassiana spores (Log-rank test, P < 0.001). The infection of B. bassiana significantly changed the richness and structure of the beetle-associated bacterial community both on the cuticle and in the guts of M. alternatus; meanwhile, the abundance of Pseudomonas and Serratia bacteria were significantly enriched as shown by qPCR. Furthermore, these two bacteria genera showed a strong inhibitory activity against B. bassiana (One-way ANOVA, P < 0.001) by reducing the fungal conidial germination and growth rather than regulating host immunity. Conclusions This study highlights the role of insect-associated bacteria in the interaction between pest insects and entomopathogenic fungi, which should be taken into consideration when developing microbial-based pest control strategies.

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“…do not contribute significantly to the development of larvae, despite their dominance. Nevertheless, its colonization in A. aegypti larvae may be relevant in other aspects, including symbioses that antagonize the establishment of fungal entomopathogens, such as Metarhizium robertsii (Noskov et al, 2021). This perspective may explain why fungal pathogens such as M. majus and Aspergillus flavus coincide with low Microbacterium sp.…”

Section: Larval Microbiome and Experimental Controlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interplay Between Nutrition and the Dynamics of the Midgut Microbiome of the MosquitoAedes aegyptiReveals Putative Symbionts

Salgado,

Premkrishnan,

Oliveira

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Blood meals are crucial for the reproductive cycle of Aedes aegypti and represent the means by which arboviruses are transmitted to its hematophagy hosts. It also has been postulated that feeding on blood may modulate the mosquito microbiome, but the compositional shifts in microbial diversity and function remain elusive. In this paper, we analyzed the modulation of the midgut microbiome in 60 females of Aedes aegypti throughout the digestive period, 12, 24, and 48 hours after blood or sugar meals using whole-genome shotgun sequencing. Microbial transstadial transmission between larvae and adults was also assessed. This approach provided a high coverage of the midgut metagenome, allowing microbial taxonomic assignments at the species level and gene-based functional profiling. Females at later hours post-feeding and larvae display low microbiome diversities and little evidence of transstadial transmission. However, a striking proliferation of Enterobacterales was observed during early hours of digestion in blood-fed mosquitoes. The compositional shift was concomitant with a predicted functional change in genes associated with carbohydrate and protein metabolism. The observed shifts in blood-fed females' midguts are restored to a sugar-fed-like microbial profile after 48h, when blood digestion is completed. Conversely, as in all blood-fed females, a high abundance of the opportunistic human pathogen Elizabethkingia anophelis (Flavobacteriales) takes place in this post-digestion stage. This bacterial species has also been described as a symbiont of mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles (Culicidae). This work is the first report of the adaptation of the midgut microbiome of A. aegypti to a digestive role after a blood meal, at the expense of the proliferation of potential symbionts.

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A Neurotoxic Insecticide Promotes Fungal Infection in Aedes aegypti Larvae by Altering the Bacterial Community

Cited by 13 publications

References 63 publications

Fungus Metarhizium robertsii and neurotoxic insecticide affect gut immunity and microbiota in Colorado potato beetles

Fungus Metarhizium robertsii and neurotoxic insecticide affect gut immunity and microbiota in Colorado potato beetles

Associated bacteria of a pine sawyer beetle confer resistance to entomopathogenic fungi via fungal growth inhibition

The Interplay Between Nutrition and the Dynamics of the Midgut Microbiome of the MosquitoAedes aegyptiReveals Putative Symbionts

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